Question

Что получают методом возгонки в пищевой промышленности и как?​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Сублима́ция (от лат. sublimo «возносить»), возго́нка — переход вещества из твёрдого состояния сразу в газообразное, минуя стадию плавления (перехода в жидкое состояние) и кипения. Поскольку при возгонке изменяется удельный объём вещества и поглощается энергия (теплота сублимации), возгонка является фазовым переходом первого рода[1][2].

Answer 2

Method of Distillation in the Food Industry

The method of distillation, also known as "возгонка" in Russian, is widely used in the food industry for various purposes. Distillation is a process that involves separating components of a liquid mixture based on their boiling points. By heating the mixture and collecting the vapor that is produced, it is possible to obtain a purified form of the desired component.

Benefits of Distillation in the Food Industry:

1. Purification: Distillation is primarily used to purify liquids by separating impurities and unwanted substances from the desired component. This is particularly important in the production of alcoholic beverages, where distillation helps remove impurities and increase the alcohol content.

2. Concentration: Distillation can also be used to concentrate certain components of a liquid. By selectively evaporating the solvent, the concentration of the desired component can be increased. This is commonly seen in the production of fruit juices and concentrates.

3. Flavor Enhancement: Distillation can be used to enhance the flavor of certain food products. For example, in the production of essential oils, distillation helps extract the aromatic compounds from plant materials, resulting in concentrated flavors.

4. Safety: Distillation can also be used to remove harmful substances or toxins from liquids. This is particularly important in the production of beverages and food products, where the removal of impurities ensures consumer safety.

Examples of Distillation in the Food Industry:

1. Alcohol Production: Distillation is a key process in the production of alcoholic beverages such as vodka, whiskey, and rum. It helps separate alcohol from the fermented mixture, resulting in a higher alcohol content and a purer product.

2. Essential Oil Extraction: Distillation is commonly used to extract essential oils from plants. Steam distillation is a popular method for extracting aromatic compounds from herbs, flowers, and fruits, which are then used in perfumes, flavorings, and aromatherapy.

3. Juice Concentration: Distillation can be used to concentrate fruit juices by removing water. This process helps increase the flavor intensity and shelf life of the concentrated juice.

4. Water Purification: Distillation is also used in the food industry to purify water. By heating the water and collecting the condensed vapor, impurities and contaminants are left behind, resulting in purified water.

In conclusion, the method of distillation is widely used in the food industry for various purposes such as purification, concentration, flavor enhancement, and safety. It plays a crucial role in the production of alcoholic beverages, essential oils, concentrated juices, and purified water