Question

Часть 2.Дайте развернутый ответ. №4 Можно ли и как наэлектризовать концы эбонитовой палочки зарядами разных знаков?Можно ли сделать то же самое с латунной трубкой на изолирующей ручке? №5 Объясните, почему любое заряженное тело, находящееся в воздухе, через некоторое время разряжается.Часть 3.Полное решение задачи6.В ядре атома золота содержится 197 частиц, из них 79 протонов. Сколько в ядре этого атома нейтронов и сколько электронов обращаются вокруг этого ядра?

Answer 1

№4:

скорее всего нет. так как один заряд компенсирует другой из-за их взаимного притяжения под действием электрического поля. Однако если эта палочка как диэлектрик не должна проводить заряд и достаточно длинная. что электрическое поле не достаёт до другого конца. то можно перенести на её концы заряды противоположных знаков с других тел

Answer 2

Can the ends of an ebonite rod be electrified with charges of different signs? Can the same be done with a brass tube with an insulating handle?

Yes, the ends of an ebonite rod can be electrified with charges of different signs. Ebonite is a type of hard rubber that can be easily charged by rubbing it with a cloth or fur. When ebonite is rubbed, it gains or loses electrons, resulting in a net charge on the rod. By rubbing the ends of the ebonite rod with different materials, such as silk or wool, it is possible to transfer positive or negative charges to the ends of the rod.

Similarly, it is also possible to electrify a brass tube with an insulating handle. Brass is a metal, and metals are conductors of electricity. However, by using an insulating handle, the charge can be confined to the brass tube and prevent it from flowing to the handle. This can be achieved by charging the brass tube through induction or by using a charging method that allows the charge to be transferred to the tube without it flowing to the handle.

Please note that the specific methods and materials used to electrify the ebonite rod or the brass tube may vary, and it is important to follow appropriate safety precautions when working with electricity.

Why does any charged object in the air discharge after some time?

Any charged object in the air tends to discharge after some time due to various factors. One of the main reasons is the presence of air molecules, which can interact with the charged object and cause the transfer of charges. This process is known as electrostatic discharge.

When a charged object is in the air, it can attract opposite charges from the surrounding environment. These opposite charges can neutralize the charge on the object, leading to its discharge. Additionally, air molecules can collide with the charged object, causing the transfer of charges through a process called ionization. This ionization can lead to the gradual loss of charge from the object.

Other factors that can contribute to the discharge of a charged object in the air include humidity, temperature, and the presence of impurities or contaminants in the air. These factors can affect the conductivity of the air and the ability of charges to be retained on the object.

It is important to note that the rate of discharge can vary depending on the specific conditions and properties of the charged object and the surrounding environment.

Solution to Problem 6: In the nucleus of a gold atom, there are 197 particles, including 79 protons. How many neutrons are there in the nucleus, and how many electrons orbit around the nucleus?

To determine the number of neutrons in the nucleus of a gold atom, we can subtract the number of protons from the total number of particles in the nucleus.

Given: - Total number of particles in the nucleus = 197 - Number of protons = 79

To find the number of neutrons: Neutrons = Total number of particles - Number of protons Neutrons = 197 - 79 Neutrons = 118

Therefore, there are 118 neutrons in the nucleus of a gold atom.

As for the number of electrons orbiting around the nucleus, it is equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom. Since gold is a neutral atom, the number of electrons is also 79, which is the same as the number of protons.

In summary: - Number of neutrons in the nucleus = 118 - Number of electrons orbiting around the nucleus = 79