Question

Определите массу (в а.е.м. с точностью до целых чисел ) и заряд ( вэлементарных зарядах) ядер атомов следующих элементов кремния 30 Si 14 Радона 222 Rn 86 Что происходит с радоном в результате а-распада?

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Determining the Mass and Charge of Silicon and Radon Nuclei

To determine the mass and charge of the nuclei of silicon (30Si14) and radon (222Rn86), we need to understand their atomic structure.

Silicon (30Si14): Silicon is a chemical element with the atomic number 14, which means it has 14 protons in its nucleus. The atomic mass of silicon is approximately 28.0855 atomic mass units (amu) [[1]].

Radon (222Rn86): Radon is a chemical element with the atomic number 86, which means it has 86 protons in its nucleus. The atomic mass of radon is approximately 222 atomic mass units (amu) [[2]].

The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of that element. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.

To determine the number of neutrons in an atom, we subtract the number of protons (which is equal to the atomic number) from the atomic mass. Therefore, the number of neutrons in silicon can be calculated as:

Atomic mass of silicon (30Si14) - Atomic number of silicon (14) = Number of neutrons in silicon

Similarly, the number of neutrons in radon can be calculated as:

Atomic mass of radon (222Rn86) - Atomic number of radon (86) = Number of neutrons in radon

However, the question specifically asks for the mass and charge of the nuclei, not the entire atom. The nucleus of an atom contains only protons and neutrons, while the electrons are located in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus.

The charge of a nucleus is determined by the number of protons it contains. Protons have a positive charge of +1 elementary charge.

Therefore, the charge of the silicon nucleus (30Si14) is +14 elementary charges, and the charge of the radon nucleus (222Rn86) is +86 elementary charges.

In summary: - The mass of the silicon nucleus (30Si14) is approximately 28 atomic mass units (amu). - The charge of the silicon nucleus (30Si14) is +14 elementary charges. - The mass of the radon nucleus (222Rn86) is approximately 222 atomic mass units (amu). - The charge of the radon nucleus (222Rn86) is +86 elementary charges.

Alpha Decay of Radon

Radon-222 (222Rn) undergoes alpha decay, which is a type of radioactive decay. In alpha decay, an alpha particle is emitted from the nucleus, resulting in the formation of a new nucleus.

During alpha decay, the radon nucleus (222Rn) emits an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons. This results in the formation of a new nucleus with a lower atomic number and atomic mass.

The specific decay process for radon-222 (222Rn) can be represented as follows:

222Rn86 → 218Po84 + 4He2

In this equation, the numbers on the left side represent the atomic mass and atomic number of the radon nucleus, while the numbers on the right side represent the atomic mass and atomic number of the products of the decay.

After alpha decay, the radon nucleus (222Rn) is transformed into a polonium nucleus (218Po) and an alpha particle (4He) is emitted.

In summary, the alpha decay of radon-222 (222Rn) results in the formation of a polonium nucleus (218Po) and the emission of an alpha particle (4He).

I hope this explanation helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.