Question

В электрическую цепь, состоящую из гальванического элемента с ЭДС 2 В и внутренним сопротивлением 1,5 Ом, включено сопротивление 4,5 Ом.Найти падение напряжения во внешней и внутренней части цепи и велечину тока

Answer 1

По закону Ома для полной цепи ток I = E/(R+r) = 2/(1,5 + 4,5) = 1/3.
Тогда Uвнеш = IR = 4,5/3 = 1,5 В.
Uвнутр = Ir = 1,5/3 = 0,5 В.

Answer 2

Calculation of Voltage Drop and Current in the Circuit

To find the voltage drop and current in the given circuit, we need to consider the galvanic cell with an electromotive force (EMF) of 2 V and an internal resistance of 1.5 Ω, along with the external resistance of 4.5 Ω.

Let's calculate the voltage drop in the external and internal parts of the circuit, as well as the current flowing through the circuit.

1. Voltage Drop in the External Part of the Circuit: The voltage drop in the external part of the circuit can be calculated using Ohm's Law, which states that the voltage drop (V) is equal to the product of the current (I) and the resistance (R). - External Resistance (R): 4.5 Ω - Current (I): To find the current, we can use the formula I = EMF / (Internal Resistance + External Resistance). - EMF (Electromotive Force): 2 V - Internal Resistance: 1.5 Ω - Voltage Drop in the External Part of the Circuit (V_external): V_external = I * R

2. Voltage Drop in the Internal Part of the Circuit: The voltage drop in the internal part of the circuit is equal to the product of the current (I) and the internal resistance (r). - Internal Resistance (r): 1.5 Ω - Voltage Drop in the Internal Part of the Circuit (V_internal): V_internal = I * r

3. Current in the Circuit: The current in the circuit can be calculated using Ohm's Law, which states that the current (I) is equal to the voltage (V) divided by the total resistance (R_total). - Total Resistance (R_total): The sum of the internal resistance (r) and the external resistance (R). - Current in the Circuit (I): I = V / R_total

Let's calculate the values using the given information:

1. Calculation of the Current (I): - EMF (Electromotive Force): 2 V - Internal Resistance: 1.5 Ω - External Resistance: 4.5 Ω - Total Resistance (R_total): r + R - Current in the Circuit (I): I = EMF / R_total

2. Calculation of the Voltage Drop in the External Part of the Circuit (V_external): - Current (I): Calculated in step 1 - External Resistance (R): 4.5 Ω - Voltage Drop in the External Part of the Circuit (V_external): V_external = I * R

3. Calculation of the Voltage Drop in the Internal Part of the Circuit (V_internal): - Current (I): Calculated in step 1 - Internal Resistance (r): 1.5 Ω - Voltage Drop in the Internal Part of the Circuit (V_internal): V_internal = I * r

Let's calculate the values:

1. Calculation of the Current (I): - EMF (Electromotive Force): 2 V - Internal Resistance: 1.5 Ω - External Resistance: 4.5 Ω - Total Resistance (R_total): 1.5 Ω + 4.5 Ω = 6 Ω - Current in the Circuit (I): I = 2 V / 6 Ω = 0.333 A

2. Calculation of the Voltage Drop in the External Part of the Circuit (V_external): - Current (I): 0.333 A - External Resistance (R): 4.5 Ω - Voltage Drop in the External Part of the Circuit (V_external): V_external = 0.333 A * 4.5 Ω = 1.5 V

3. Calculation of the Voltage Drop in the Internal Part of the Circuit (V_internal): - Current (I): 0.333 A - Internal Resistance (r): 1.5 Ω - Voltage Drop in the Internal Part of the Circuit (V_internal): V_internal = 0.333 A * 1.5 Ω = 0.5 V

Results:

Based on the calculations, we have the following results:

- The voltage drop in the external part of the circuit is 1.5 V. - The voltage drop in the internal part of the circuit is 0.5 V. - The current flowing through the circuit is 0.333 A.

Please note that these calculations are based on the given information and assumptions.