Question

3. Космонавт массой 72кг отталкивается от обшивки космического корабля и приобретает скорость 2м/с. Какова при этом скорость корабля, если его масса 2,6т?

Answer 1

По закону сохранения импульса m1v1 =m2v2, следовательно v2=m1v1 /m2=72*2/2600=0,055 м/с

Answer 2

Calculation of the Ship's Velocity

To calculate the velocity of the ship after the astronaut pushes off from the spacecraft, we can use the principle of conservation of momentum. According to this principle, the total momentum before and after the interaction remains constant.

The momentum of an object is given by the product of its mass and velocity. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

Momentum = Mass × Velocity

Let's denote the mass of the astronaut as m1 (72 kg) and the mass of the spaceship as m2 (2.6 tons or 2600 kg). The initial velocity of the astronaut is v1 (2 m/s), and we need to find the final velocity of the spaceship, which we'll denote as v2.

According to the conservation of momentum, the total momentum before the interaction is equal to the total momentum after the interaction. Therefore, we can write the equation as:

m1 × v1 = (m1 + m2) × v2

Substituting the given values, we have:

72 kg × 2 m/s = (72 kg + 2600 kg) × v2

Simplifying the equation, we get:

144 kg·m/s = 2672 kg × v2

Now, we can solve for v2:

v2 = 144 kg·m/s / 2672 kg

Calculating this, we find:

v2 ≈ 0.054 m/s

Therefore, the velocity of the spaceship after the astronaut pushes off from the spacecraft is approximately 0.054 m/s.

Please note that the above calculation assumes an isolated system, neglecting any external forces or factors that may affect the motion of the spaceship.