Question

Почему атмосфера на земле существует,а на луне нет?? ФИЗИКА! СРОЧНО!!!!

Answer 1

Для притяжения астронавтов она, может,и достаточна, а вот для атмосферы - увы.
Есть такая фишка, которая наызвается распределение Максвелла. Его, ваще-то, и в школе проходят. Так вот, согласно этому распределению, в газе ВСЕГДА есть молекулы, движущиеся со сколь угодно большой скоростью. Просто их может быть немного, но они есть всегда. И возьмём скорость, скажем, 2,3 км/с. Таких молекул в газе при температуре даже чуть выше комнатной вагон и маленькая тележка. И как раз такая скорость, по странному совпадению, является для Луны второй космической. Поэтому постепенно вся атмосфера (даже если она там и была) с Луны просто улетела. Пуфф, и нету.
А вот молекул со скоростью 11,2 км/с в газе при той же температуре куда как меньше. Поэтомутна Земле ещё малёхо осталось.

Answer 2

Why does the Earth have an atmosphere while the Moon does not?

The presence of an atmosphere on Earth and the absence of one on the Moon can be attributed to several factors.

1. Gravitational Pull: The Earth's larger mass and stronger gravitational pull allow it to retain an atmosphere, while the Moon's lower mass and weaker gravity cannot hold onto gases as effectively. The gravitational force of a celestial body determines the escape velocity required for gases to escape its gravitational pull. The Moon's escape velocity is much lower than that of Earth, making it difficult for the Moon to retain an atmosphere.

2. Lack of Magnetic Field: The Earth has a strong magnetic field generated by its core, which helps protect its atmosphere from being stripped away by solar wind. The Moon, on the other hand, does not have a significant magnetic field, making it more vulnerable to the solar wind and its effects on the atmosphere.

3. Volatile Elements and Water: The Earth's atmosphere is composed of various gases, including nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. These gases were likely released from the Earth's interior through volcanic activity and the outgassing of volatile elements. Additionally, the presence of water on Earth has played a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of its atmosphere. The Moon, however, lacks significant amounts of volatile elements and water, which are necessary for the formation and retention of an atmosphere.

4. Impact History: The Moon's surface is covered with impact craters, indicating a history of intense bombardment by asteroids and comets. These impacts can eject gases and particles from the Moon's surface into space, further contributing to the lack of a substantial atmosphere.

In summary, the Earth's larger mass, stronger gravitational pull, presence of a magnetic field, abundance of volatile elements and water, and a less turbulent impact history have all contributed to the formation and retention of its atmosphere. The Moon, with its lower mass, weaker gravity, lack of a significant magnetic field, scarcity of volatile elements and water, and a more turbulent impact history, does not possess a substantial atmosphere