Question

Із водню об'ємом 134,4 л (н. у.) й азоту в надлишку синтезували амоніак кількістю речовини 1,2 моль. Визначте відносний вихід продукту.

Answer 1

Calculation of Relative Yield of Ammonia

To determine the relative yield of the product, we need to compare the actual amount of ammonia produced with the theoretical amount that could have been produced based on the stoichiometry of the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen is:

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

According to the given information, the volume of hydrogen used is 134.4 L (at normal conditions) and the amount of ammonia produced is 1.2 mol.

To calculate the theoretical amount of ammonia that could have been produced, we need to convert the volume of hydrogen to moles using the ideal gas law. The molar volume of any gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is 22.4 L/mol.

Let's calculate the moles of hydrogen used:

Moles of hydrogen = Volume of hydrogen / Molar volume at STP

Moles of hydrogen = 134.4 L / 22.4 L/mol = 6 mol

Now, we can use the stoichiometry of the reaction to determine the theoretical amount of ammonia that could have been produced. According to the balanced equation, 3 moles of hydrogen react to produce 2 moles of ammonia.

Theoretical moles of ammonia = (Moles of hydrogen / 3) * 2

Theoretical moles of ammonia = (6 mol / 3) * 2 = 4 mol

The relative yield of the product can be calculated by dividing the actual amount of ammonia produced by the theoretical amount and multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage.

Relative yield of ammonia = (Actual moles of ammonia / Theoretical moles of ammonia) * 100

Relative yield of ammonia = (1.2 mol / 4 mol) * 100 = 30%

Therefore, the relative yield of the ammonia product is 30%.

Please note that the calculation assumes ideal conditions and a complete reaction. In practice, the actual yield may be lower due to various factors such as side reactions, incomplete conversion, or loss during the process.

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