Question

Передвигать груз вверх легче всего по наклонной плоскости. Укажите, в каких вещах действует тот же физический принцип. 1 качель, 2 шуруп, 3 гвоздодер,4 застежка- молния,5 рычажные весы,6 шнек мясорубки,7 гаечный ключ,8 топор,9 молоток,10 сверло,11 колесо,12 плуг,13 штопор,14 отвертка.

Answer 1

Физические принципы действуют во всех, кроме 13 и 14

Answer 2

The Principle of Inclined Plane

The principle of the inclined plane states that it is easier to move an object up an inclined plane compared to lifting it straight up vertically. This is because the inclined plane reduces the amount of force required to move the object by increasing the distance over which the force is applied.

Now let's see how the same physical principle applies to the items you mentioned:

1. Kachal (Seesaw): A seesaw works on the principle of the inclined plane. When one person pushes down on one end, the other end rises up, allowing the person on the other side to go up. The inclined surface of the seesaw reduces the effort required to lift the person on the other side.

2. Shurup (Screw): A screw is essentially an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. When you rotate a screwdriver to drive a screw into a material, the inclined plane of the screw allows it to move forward with less effort.

3. Gvozdoder (Nail Puller): A nail puller, also known as a pry bar or crowbar, uses the principle of the inclined plane to remove nails. By inserting the flat end of the nail puller under the nail and applying force at the other end, the inclined plane of the tool helps lift the nail out of the surface.

4. Zastezhka-molniya (Zipper): A zipper consists of two inclined planes with interlocking teeth. When you pull the slider up or down, the inclined planes separate or come together, allowing the zipper to open or close.

5. Rychazhnye vesy (Lever Scales): Lever scales, such as a traditional balance scale, use the principle of the lever, which is a type of inclined plane. By placing the load on one end of the lever and applying force on the other end, the inclined plane of the lever reduces the effort required to balance the load.

6. Shnek myasorubki (Meat Grinder Screw): A meat grinder screw, also known as an auger, uses the principle of the inclined plane to push meat through the grinder. The spiral shape of the screw acts as an inclined plane, reducing the effort required to move the meat forward.

7. Gaechnyy klyuch (Wrench): A wrench, or spanner, uses the principle of the inclined plane to loosen or tighten nuts and bolts. By applying force at a distance from the center of the nut or bolt, the inclined plane of the wrench allows for easier turning.

8. Topor (Axe): An axe uses the principle of the inclined plane to split wood. The sharp edge of the axe acts as an inclined plane, reducing the force required to separate the wood fibers.

9. Molotok (Hammer): A hammer uses the principle of the inclined plane to drive nails into a surface. The head of the hammer has a flat surface that acts as an inclined plane, allowing for easier driving of the nail.

10. Sverlo (Drill): A drill uses the principle of the inclined plane to create holes in materials. The sharp tip of the drill bit acts as an inclined plane, reducing the force required to penetrate the material.

11. Koleso (Wheel): A wheel and axle system uses the principle of the inclined plane. The wheel acts as a circular inclined plane, reducing the force required to move objects by rolling instead of sliding.

12. Plug (Plow): A plow uses the principle of the inclined plane to break up and turn over soil. The blade of the plow acts as an inclined plane, reducing the force required to dig into the ground.

13. Shtopor (Corkscrew): A corkscrew uses the principle of the inclined plane to remove corks from bottles. The spiral shape of the corkscrew acts as an inclined plane, reducing the force required to pull out the cork.

14. Otvertka (Screwdriver): A screwdriver uses the principle of the inclined plane to drive or remove screws. By applying force at a distance from the center of the screw, the inclined plane of the screwdriver allows for easier turning.

These examples demonstrate how the principle of the inclined plane is applied in various tools and objects to make tasks easier by reducing the force required.