Question

Знайти кiлькiсть. И електронів, які містяться у шматочку вуглецю масою м = 1 г. Маса одного моля вуглецю М = 12г. порядковий номер Карбону в таблиці Менделеева Z = 6.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Число электронов:

Nэ = 3·10²³

Найти количество N электронов, которые содержатся в кусочке углерода массой m=1 г. Масса одного моля углерода М=12 г. Порядковый номер углерода в таблице Менделеева Z=6.

Дано:

m = 1 г

M = 12 г / моль

Z = 6

Nₐ = 6,02·10²³  моль⁻¹ - постоянная Авогадро

__________

Nэ- ?

Количество вещества:

ν = m/M        (1)

Но:

ν = N / Nₐ     (2)

Приравняем (2) и (1):

N / Nₐ = m/M

Тогда число атомов углерода:

N  = (m/M)·Nₐ

N = (1/12)·6,02·10²³ ≈ 5·10²²  

Поскольку у атома углерода n=6 электронов, то общее число электронов:

Nэ = n·N = 6·5·10²² = 3·10²³

Answer 2

Calculating the Number of Electrons in a Carbon Sample

To find the number of electrons in a carbon sample, we can use the concept of Avogadro's number and the atomic mass of carbon.

Given: - Mass of the carbon sample, m = 1 g - Molar mass of carbon, M = 12 g/mol - Atomic number of carbon in the periodic table, Z = 6

Steps to Calculate:

1. Calculate the number of moles of carbon in the sample: The number of moles (n) can be calculated using the formula: \[ n = \frac{m}{M} \] where: - m = mass of the sample - M = molar mass of the substance

Substituting the given values: \[ n = \frac{1 \, \text{g}}{12 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.0833 \, \text{mol} \]

2. Determine the number of atoms in the sample: Since 1 mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions), we can calculate the number of carbon atoms in the sample using Avogadro's number (N_A). \[ N = n \times N_A \] where: - n = number of moles - N_A = Avogadro's number (\(6.022 \times 10^{23}\) mol^-1)

Substituting the value of n: \[ N = 0.0833 \, \text{mol} \times 6.022 \times 10^{23} \, \text{mol}^{-1} = 5.01 \times 10^{22} \]

3. Calculate the number of electrons: Since a neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons, the number of electrons in the sample will be the same as the number of carbon atoms.

Therefore, the number of electrons in the carbon sample is approximately \(5.01 \times 10^{22}\).

Conclusion:

The number of electrons in the carbon sample with a mass of 1 g is approximately \(5.01 \times 10^{22}\).