Question

опытный моряк желая определить направления слабого ветра смочил с одной стороны палец и, держа его вертикально, стал медленно поворачивать вокруг вертикальной оси. Как эти действия помогли определить направление ветра??

Answer 1

Это вопрос на тему испарения.
Оно происходит только с потерей энергии вещества. Любая испаряющаяся жидкость остывает.
Испарение ускоряется при ветре. Он уносит самые быстрые молекулы, вылетевшие из жидкости, которые могут опять вернуться в нее.
Поэтому при наличии даже слабого ветерка испарение идёт быстрее, потери энергии больше.
Кожа ощущает потерю энергии как холод, хотя ветер может быть теплым. Влага со смоченного пальца испаряется сильнее с той стороны, откуда дует ветер.
Вот и весь секрет. Так можно определить направление ветра в любом месте, необязательно в море.

Answer 2

Determining Wind Direction as a Seasoned Sailor

To determine the direction of a weak wind, the experienced sailor likely employed a traditional method involving a simple yet effective technique.

Moistening the Finger: The sailor would have moistened their finger on one side, which is a crucial step in this method. By doing so, they create a condition where the side of the finger facing the wind becomes cooler due to the process of evaporation, providing a tactile indication of the wind's direction.

Vertical Positioning and Rotation: After moistening the finger, the sailor would have held it vertically and slowly rotated around its vertical axis. This action allows the sailor to sense the side of the finger that feels cooler, indicating the direction from which the wind is blowing.

Significance of the Technique: This method capitalizes on the principle of evaporative cooling, where the moisture on the finger evaporates more rapidly on the side facing the wind, causing a cooling effect. By rotating the finger, the sailor can detect the cooler side, thereby determining the direction of the wind.

This traditional technique showcases the resourcefulness and practical knowledge of experienced sailors, enabling them to gauge wind direction without relying on modern instruments.

The specific details of this traditional method may vary slightly, but the fundamental principle remains consistent across different accounts.

This approach demonstrates the ingenuity and adaptability of sailors in utilizing simple yet effective methods to navigate the seas.

The sailor's actions of moistening the finger and rotating it vertically exemplify the practical wisdom and resourcefulness honed through years of maritime experience.

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