Question

Температура нагревателя идеального теплового двигателя 425К, а холодильника -300К. Двигатель получает от нагревателя 4*10^4 Дж теплоты. Расчитайте работу, совершаемую рабочим телом двигателя.

Answer 1

Calculation of Work Done by the Heat Engine

To calculate the work done by the heat engine, we can use the formula:

Work = Heat Input - Heat Output

Given: - Temperature of the heater (nagrevatel) = 425 K - Temperature of the refrigerator (kholodilnik) = -300 K - Heat input (teplo) = 4 * 10^4 J

To calculate the heat output, we need to determine the efficiency of the heat engine. The efficiency of a heat engine is given by the formula:

Efficiency = 1 - (Tc/Th)

Where: - Tc is the temperature of the cold reservoir (refrigerator) - Th is the temperature of the hot reservoir (heater)

Let's calculate the efficiency first:

Efficiency = 1 - (Tc/Th)

Efficiency = 1 - (-300 K / 425 K)

Efficiency = 1 - (-0.7059)

Efficiency = 1 + 0.7059

Efficiency = 1.7059

Now, we can calculate the heat output using the formula:

Heat Output = Efficiency * Heat Input

Heat Output = 1.7059 * 4 * 10^4 J

Heat Output = 6.8236 * 10^4 J

Finally, we can calculate the work done by the heat engine using the formula:

Work = Heat Input - Heat Output

Work = 4 * 10^4 J - 6.8236 * 10^4 J

Work = -2.8236 * 10^4 J

Therefore, the work done by the heat engine is approximately -2.8236 * 10^4 J.

Please note that the negative sign indicates that work is being done on the system (the heat engine) rather than by the system.