Question

Помогите пожалуйста решить!!! На сессии попалась задача, не знаю как решить:(Электролизом добыто 1 кг меди. Сколько серебра можно получить, если через электролит пропустить такое же количество электричества ( такой же заряд)?

Answer 1

Задача решается с помощью закона Фарадея: m=kq, где k - электрохимический эквивалент вещества (табличные данные); q -  количество электричества, проходимого через вещество. Пусть m₁ - масса меди, m₂- масса серебра. Из таблиц выписываем k₁=32,9*10⁻⁸кг/Кл и k₂= 111,8*10⁻⁸кг/Кл. Всё это записываете в "дано". Дальше решение:
 m₁=k₁q₁(1)
m₂=k₂q₂(2)
Т.к. количество электричества одинаковое, то q₁=q₂/  Выразим из (1) и (2) q₁  и q₂, получим: q₁=m₁/k₁  q₂=m₂/k₂  и приравняем 2 последних выражения:
m₁/k₁=m₂/k₂ (3) Откуда получим формулу для нахождения массы серебра:
m₂=m₁k₂/k₁  (4)
Далее подставляем в (4) данные, получаем:
m₂=1кг*111,8*10⁻⁸/32,9*10⁻⁸=3,39кг.
Ответ: масса серебра равна 3,39 кг.
Желаю удачи!

Answer 2

Problem Analysis

The problem involves the process of electrolysis, where a certain amount of copper is obtained by passing a specific amount of electricity through an electrolyte. The question asks how much silver can be obtained if the same amount of electricity (charge) is passed through the same electrolyte.

Solution

To solve this problem, we need to understand the concept of Faraday's laws of electrolysis. According to Faraday's laws, the amount of substance deposited or liberated during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte.

The key information given in the problem is that 1 kg of copper is obtained through electrolysis. We need to find out how much silver can be obtained using the same amount of electricity.

To solve this problem, we need to know the molar mass of copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) and their respective charges.

Molar Mass and Charges

The molar mass of copper (Cu) is approximately 63.55 g/mol, and the charge of copper ions (Cu²⁺) is +2.

The molar mass of silver (Ag) is approximately 107.87 g/mol, and the charge of silver ions (Ag⁺) is +1.

Calculation

To calculate the amount of silver that can be obtained, we can use the concept of equivalent mass. The equivalent mass is the molar mass divided by the charge.

The equivalent mass of copper (Cu) is: Equivalent mass of Cu = Molar mass of Cu / Charge of Cu²⁺

The equivalent mass of silver (Ag) is: Equivalent mass of Ag = Molar mass of Ag / Charge of Ag⁺

Now, we can calculate the amount of silver (Ag) that can be obtained using the same amount of electricity as used for obtaining 1 kg of copper (Cu).

Let's assume the amount of silver obtained is x grams.

According to Faraday's laws, the ratio of the