Question

В алюминиевый калориметр массой 45 г содержащий 100 г воды при температуре 20 градусов поместили чугунную гирю массой 50 г предварительно нагретую до 100 градусов Какая температура установится в калориметре?

Answer 1

Пусть это будет температура Т.
Тогда тепло, которое отдаст гиря при остывании до этой температуры, равно теплу, которое заберут алюминий и вода, нагреваясь до этой же температуры.

Уравнение с одной неизвестной.
Решение. c1*m1*(t-t1)+c2*m2*(t-t1)+c3*m3*(t-t2)=0;
t=(c1*m1*t1+c2*m2*t1+c3*m3*t2)/(c1*m1+c2*m2+c3*m3); c1=896; m1=0,045; c2=4200; m2=0,1; c3=469; m3=0,05;t1=20; t2=100;

Answer 2

Calculating the Final Temperature in the Calorimeter

To calculate the final temperature in the calorimeter after placing a 50g iron weight, previously heated to 100 degrees Celsius, into the calorimeter containing 100g of water at 20 degrees Celsius, we can use the principle of conservation of energy.

According to the principle of conservation of energy, the heat lost by the iron weight when it cools down will be equal to the heat gained by the water and the calorimeter. This can be expressed as:

Heat lost by iron = Heat gained by water + Heat gained by calorimeter

We can use the formula:

Q = mcΔT

Where: - Q = heat energy - m = mass - c = specific heat capacity - ΔT = change in temperature

Applying the Principle of Conservation of Energy

1. Heat lost by the iron weight: - Mass of the iron weight, m1 = 50g - Initial temperature of the iron weight, T1 = 100°C - Final temperature of the iron weight, T2 = ? - Specific heat capacity of iron, c1 = ? (to be determined)

2. Heat gained by the water: - Mass of the water, m2 = 100g - Initial temperature of the water, T3 = 20°C - Final temperature of the water, T4 = ? - Specific heat capacity of water, c2 = 4.18 J/g°C

3. Heat gained by the calorimeter: - Mass of the calorimeter, m3 = 45g - Specific heat capacity of the calorimeter, c3 = ? (to be determined)

Calculating the Final Temperatures

We can use the formula Q = mcΔT for each component to calculate the final temperatures.

1. Heat lost by the iron weight: - Q1 = m1c1ΔT1

2. Heat gained by the water: - Q2 = m2c2ΔT2

3. Heat gained by the calorimeter: - Q3 = m3c3ΔT3

By equating the heat lost and heat gained, we can solve for the final temperatures T2 and T4.

Conclusion

By applying the principle of conservation of energy and using the specific heat capacities of iron and water, along with the masses and initial temperatures of the components, we can calculate the final temperatures of the iron weight and the water in the calorimeter.