Question

Зная, что удельная теплоемкость воды равна 4200Дж\кг°С, а удельная теплоемкость воздуха состовляет примерно 1000Дж/кг°С, объясните, почему дневной бриз направлен с моря на сушу, а ночной-с суши на море.

Answer 1

Теплоёмкость воды больше, значит и нагревается и остывает она дольше, чем воздух. Днём солнце нагрело воздух над сушей, а над морем ещё нет, так как его остужает холодная вода. Поэтому над морем воздух холоднее, чем над сушей. Плотность холодного воздуха больше, чем тёплого, поэтому он начинает выдавливать тёплый воздух наверх и перемещается с моря на сушу (ветер днём дует с моря).
Вечером получаем обратный процесс. Воздух над сушей быстро остывает, а над морем он нагревается от воды (которая нагрелась за день). И холодный "тяжёлый" воздух с суши выдавливает тёплый воздух над морем. (ночью ветер дует с суши на море)

Answer 2

Explanation of Daytime Sea Breeze and Nighttime Land Breeze

The direction of the daytime sea breeze and nighttime land breeze can be explained by the difference in specific heat capacities of water and air.

Specific Heat Capacity: - The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg°C. - The specific heat capacity of air is approximately 1000 J/kg°C.

The difference in specific heat capacities causes the land and sea to heat and cool at different rates, leading to the formation of breezes.

Daytime Sea Breeze

During the day, the land heats up faster than the sea due to the difference in specific heat capacities. This causes the air above the land to become warmer than the air above the sea. As a result:

1. Air Movement: The warm air above the land rises, creating a low-pressure area. 2. Sea Breeze Formation: The cooler air above the sea moves towards the low-pressure area over the land, creating a breeze that blows from the sea onto the land.

This process is known as a sea breeze and is a result of the temperature difference between the land and the sea during the day.

Nighttime Land Breeze

At night, the land cools down more quickly than the sea due to the difference in specific heat capacities. This causes the air above the sea to be warmer than the air above the land. Consequently:

1. Air Movement: The warmer air above the sea rises, creating a low-pressure area. 2. Land Breeze Formation: The cooler air above the land moves towards the low-pressure area over the sea, creating a breeze that blows from the land onto the sea.

This process is known as a land breeze and is a result of the temperature difference between the land and the sea during the night.

The direction of the daytime sea breeze and nighttime land breeze is a result of the differential heating and cooling rates of land and water due to their differing specific heat capacities.