Question

Объясните почему провода подводящин ток к электрической лампочке практически не нагреваются в то время как нить лпмпочки раскаляется добела

Answer 1

Материалы, из которых изготавливают провода (в основном медь) обладают низким сопротивлением, в то время как у вольфрама высокое.

Answer 2

Why do the wires supplying power to an electric light bulb not heat up while the filament of the bulb becomes extremely hot?

When electricity flows through a circuit, it encounters resistance, which causes the wires to heat up. However, in the case of an electric light bulb, the wires supplying power to the bulb do not heat up significantly compared to the filament of the bulb. This is due to a few key factors:

1. Material and Thickness: The wires used to supply power to the bulb are typically made of materials with low resistance, such as copper or aluminum. These materials have high thermal conductivity, which means they can efficiently dissipate heat. Additionally, the wires are usually thicker than the filament of the bulb, allowing for better heat distribution and dissipation.

2. Current and Resistance: The current flowing through the wires supplying power to the bulb is relatively low compared to the current flowing through the filament. The resistance of the wires is designed to be much lower than the resistance of the filament. This means that most of the electrical energy is converted into light and heat by the filament, while only a small amount of energy is dissipated as heat in the wires.

3. Filament Design: The filament of an electric light bulb is specifically designed to produce light by heating up. It is made of a material with high resistance, such as tungsten, which allows it to reach high temperatures and emit light. The high resistance of the filament causes it to heat up significantly when current passes through it, while the wires supplying power to the bulb remain relatively cool.

In summary, the wires supplying power to an electric light bulb do not heat up significantly because they are made of materials with low resistance, they are thicker than the filament, and the current flowing through them is relatively low compared to the filament. The filament, on the other hand, is designed to have high resistance and heat up to produce light.