Question

Объясните атомы и молекулы

Answer 1

А́том (от др.-греч. ἄτομος — неразрезаемый)— частица вещества микроскопических размеров и массы, наименьшая часть химического элемента, являющаяся носителем его свойств. Моле́кула (новолат. molecula, уменьшительное от лат. moles — масса)-электрически нейтральная частица, образованная из двух или более связанных ковалентными связями атомов.

Answer 2

Atoms and Molecules

Atoms and molecules are fundamental units of matter. Let's explore each of them in more detail:

Atoms: - Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and are the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element. - Each atom consists of a nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, and electrons that orbit around the nucleus. - Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge. - The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number and defines the element. - Atoms are electrically neutral because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.

Molecules: - Molecules are formed when two or more atoms chemically combine with each other. - They can be composed of atoms of the same element or different elements. - The atoms in a molecule are held together by chemical bonds, which can be covalent, ionic, or metallic. - Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. - Molecules can exist as discrete units or as part of a larger structure.

Example: - An example of a molecule is water (H2O), which consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom. - The molecule is formed through covalent bonds, where the oxygen atom shares electrons with the hydrogen atoms.