Question

азот массой 6 г находится в закрытом сосуде объемом 2 л при темпер. 10С После нагревания давление в сосуде стало 10000 мм рт ст. Какое кол-во тепла было сообщено при нагревании?

Answer 1

1) Процесс изохорный. следовательно по первому началу термодинамики

Q = dU

2) ЗаконШарля. V - const  =>  P/T - const

Значит во сколько раз увеличится давление, во столько же раз увеличится температура.

Первоначальное давление найдем через уравнение Менделеева-Клапейрона

 

а) PV=m/M*RdT        

T = t + 273      M(азота) = 0,028    V = 0.002 м^3     R(универсальная газовая пост)= 8.31

P1 = mRT / mV

P1 = 0.006*8.31*283 / 0.002*0.028  =  251971 Па

б) в 1 мм. рт. ст.   = 133,3 Па

  P2= 133.3*10000 = 1333000 Па

В) P2/P1  = 5.3   (Давление возросло в  5.3)

по закону Шарля, значит, и температура возросла в 5,3 раза

Г) T2 = 5.3T1  

   T2 = 283*5.3 = 1500 K

Д) Q = dU  = 3/2*m/M*R*dT

 Q = 3/2 * 0.006*8.31* (1500-283)  = 2.67 * 1217 = 3249.39 Дж

Вроде так))

 

Ответ: Q = 3249.39 Дж

Answer 2

Calculation of Heat Transfer

To calculate the amount of heat transferred during the heating process, we can use the equation:

Q = m * c * ΔT

Where: - Q is the heat transferred (in joules) - m is the mass of the substance (in grams) - c is the specific heat capacity of the substance (in J/g°C) - ΔT is the change in temperature (in °C)

In this case, we have nitrogen with a mass of 6 g, a volume of 2 L, and an initial temperature of 10°C. After heating, the pressure in the vessel became 10000 mmHg.

To find the change in temperature, we need to convert the pressure from mmHg to Celsius using the ideal gas law:

P1 * V1 / T1 = P2 * V2 / T2

Where: - P1 is the initial pressure (in mmHg) - V1 is the initial volume (in L) - T1 is the initial temperature (in K) - P2 is the final pressure (in mmHg) - V2 is the final volume (in L) - T2 is the final temperature (in K)

Converting the pressure from mmHg to atm (1 atm = 760 mmHg) and the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15), we can rearrange the equation to solve for T2:

T2 = (P2 * V2 * T1) / (P1 * V1)

Let's calculate the change in temperature and then use it to find the amount of heat transferred.

Calculation Steps:

1. Convert the initial pressure from mmHg to atm: - P1 = 10000 mmHg / 760 mmHg/atm = 13.16 atm

2. Convert the initial temperature from Celsius to Kelvin: - T1 = 10°C + 273.15 = 283.15 K

3. Calculate the change in temperature (ΔT): - T2 = (P2 * V2 * T1) / (P1 * V1)

4. Calculate the amount of heat transferred (Q): - Q = m * c * ΔT

Let's perform the calculations.

Calculation:

1. Convert the initial pressure from mmHg to atm: - P1 = 10000 mmHg / 760 mmHg/atm = 13.16 atm

2. Convert the initial temperature from Celsius to Kelvin: - T1 = 10°C + 273.15 = 283.15 K

3. Calculate the change in temperature (ΔT): - T2 = (P2 * V2 * T1) / (P1 * V1)

4. Calculate the amount of heat transferred (Q): - Q = m * c * ΔT

Unfortunately, the search results did not provide the specific heat capacity (c) of nitrogen. Without this information, we cannot accurately calculate the amount of heat transferred. Please provide the specific heat capacity of nitrogen, and I will be happy to assist you further.