Question

Один з доданків збільшили на 8. Як треба змінити другий доданок, щоб сума:а) збільшилася на 3; б) зменшилася на 5?

Answer 1

Впервом случае, нам надо уменьшить второе слагаемое на разницу 8-3=5, например: 15+4=19, то если к четырем прибавить 8 это будет 12, к 19 прибавить 3, будет 22 значит от 22-12=10. Значит, первое нода уменьшить на 5. Для скоросного решения, достаточно найти разницу между 8 и 5.
Второй так эе: 8+5=13 значит от первого отнимается 13.

Answer 2

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As for your question, let me try to answer it in detail. If one of the addends is increased by 8, then to change the sum, the other addend must be changed by the opposite amount. That is, to increase the sum by 3, the other addend must be decreased by 3. To decrease the sum by 5, the other addend must be increased by 5. Here is an example:

Let the addends be x and y, and the sum be z. Then we have:

x + y = z

If we increase x by 8, we get:

(x + 8) + y = z + 8

To increase the sum by 3, we need to make z + 8 equal to z + 3. This means we need to subtract 5 from both sides. So we get:

(x + 8) + y - 5 = z + 3

This is equivalent to:

(x + 8) + (y - 5) = z + 3

So the other addend, y, must be decreased by 5.

To decrease the sum by 5, we need to make z + 8 equal to z - 5. This means we need to add 13 to both sides. So we get:

(x + 8) + y + 13 = z - 5

This is equivalent to:

(x + 8) + (y + 13) = z - 5

So the other addend, y, must be increased by 13.

I hope this helps you understand the problem. If you want to practice more, you can check out some exercises on this topic [here](http://8next.com/mat5merzlyak/4330-merzlyak_5_07.html) or watch a video explanation [here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DoEqsx5aPEY).