Question

Почему передача электроэнергии по проводам на большом расстоянии осуществляется с помощью линий электропередач под напряжением в 100 тысяч вольт?

Answer 1

Так как,провода имеют удельное сопротивление,что мешает прохождению электр.тока на большие расстояния

Answer 2

Why is electricity transmitted over long distances using power lines at a voltage of 100,000 volts?

The transmission of electricity over long distances using power lines at a voltage of 100,000 volts is primarily due to several reasons:

1. Reduced Power Loss: Transmitting electricity at higher voltages reduces power loss during transmission. According to Ohm's Law, power loss in a transmission line is directly proportional to the square of the current and the resistance of the line. By increasing the voltage, the current can be reduced, resulting in lower power loss. This is known as the I2R loss, where I is the current and R is the resistance of the transmission line. Higher voltage transmission allows for more efficient power transfer over long distances.

2. Increased Efficiency: Higher voltage transmission allows for more efficient power transfer. The power transferred is given by the product of voltage and current. By increasing the voltage, the same amount of power can be transmitted with lower current, reducing resistive losses and increasing overall efficiency.

3. Cost-Effectiveness: Transmitting electricity at higher voltages reduces the need for thicker and more expensive conductors. Higher voltage transmission lines can carry more power with the same conductor size, reducing the cost of materials and installation.

4. Voltage Regulation: Higher voltage transmission allows for better voltage regulation. Voltage drop occurs in transmission lines due to the resistance and reactance of the line. By transmitting electricity at higher voltages, the voltage drop can be minimized, ensuring that the voltage at the receiving end remains within acceptable limits.

5. Grid Integration: Higher voltage transmission lines enable the integration of power generated from various sources into the electrical grid. This facilitates the efficient distribution of electricity from power plants to consumers over long distances.

It is important to note that the specific voltage used for transmission may vary depending on factors such as the distance of transmission, the power demand, and the infrastructure available in a particular region. The voltage of 100,000 volts mentioned in the question is just one example of a high voltage used for long-distance transmission.