Question

Среди предложенных вариантов колебаний выбери и отметь те, которые являются вынужденными. Колебания поршня в цилиндре автомобильного двигателя. Колебания часового механизма с анкерным ходом. Колебания иглы швейной машины. Колебания реального математического маятника. Колебания качелей, с которых соскочил ребенок.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Объяснение:

Колебания поршня в цилиндре автомобильного двигателя.

Колебания часового механизма с анкерным ходом.

Колебания иглы швейной машины.

Answer 2

Types of Oscillations

Among the given options, the forced oscillations are the ones that are influenced by an external force or input. Let's go through each option and determine which ones are forced oscillations:

1. Oscillations of the piston in the cylinder of an automobile engine: The piston in an automobile engine undergoes forced oscillations due to the combustion process. The explosion of fuel-air mixture in the cylinder exerts a force on the piston, causing it to oscillate back and forth. This is a clear example of a forced oscillation as it is driven by an external force.

2. Oscillations of a clock mechanism with an anchor escapement: The oscillations of a clock mechanism with an anchor escapement are not forced oscillations. In a clock mechanism, the anchor escapement controls the release of energy from the mainspring, allowing the clock to tick at a regular rate. The oscillations of the pendulum or balance wheel in a clock mechanism are self-sustained and not influenced by an external force.

3. Oscillations of a sewing machine needle: The oscillations of a sewing machine needle are not forced oscillations. The needle moves up and down due to the mechanical motion of the sewing machine mechanism, which is driven by a motor. The needle's oscillations are self-sustained and not influenced by an external force.

4. Oscillations of a real mathematical pendulum: The oscillations of a real mathematical pendulum are not forced oscillations. A mathematical pendulum consists of a mass (bob) attached to a string or rod, and it oscillates under the influence of gravity. The motion of a mathematical pendulum is governed by the laws of physics and does not require an external force to sustain its oscillations.

5. Oscillations of a swing from which a child has jumped off: The oscillations of a swing from which a child has jumped off are not forced oscillations. Once the child jumps off the swing, the swing will continue to oscillate back and forth due to its initial momentum. The swing's oscillations are self-sustained and not influenced by an external force.

Based on the above analysis, the forced oscillations among the given options are:

- Oscillations of the piston in the cylinder of an automobile engine.

I hope this clarifies the concept of forced oscillations. Let me know if you have any further questions!