Question

Даю 60 баллов! Почему луч света не преломляется на выпуклый боковой поверхности полуцилиндра? Чему равен угол падения луча света на плоскую границу раздела "стекло-воздух"? Чему равен угол преломления луча света на плоской границе раздела "стекло-воздух"? Чему равны синусы углов падения и преломления на плоской границе раздела "стекло-воздух"?

Answer 1

1. Узкий пучок света от осветителя снизу на боковую поверхность полуцилиндра

перпендикулярно его поверхности. На этой поверхности луч не преломляется.

2. Под углом 45°.

Прости, остальные я не знаю..

Answer 2

Refraction of Light and Angles at the Boundary of Different Media

When a light ray passes from one medium to another, such as from air to glass, it undergoes refraction. The behavior of light at the boundary of different media is governed by the laws of refraction.

Why does light not refract on the convex lateral surface of a semicylinder? Light does not refract on the convex lateral surface of a semicylinder because the surface is not a boundary between two different media. Refraction occurs when light passes from one medium to another with different optical densities. In the case of a convex lateral surface of a semicylinder, the light remains within the same medium and does not undergo refraction at this surface.

Angle of incidence and angle of refraction at the flat boundary of "glass-air": - The angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray and the normal to the surface) is denoted by i. - The angle of refraction (the angle between the refracted ray and the normal to the surface) is denoted by r.

When light passes from a denser medium (such as glass) to a rarer medium (such as air), the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, and the relationship between their sines are governed by Snell's Law.

Snell's Law states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is constant for any two given media. Mathematically, it can be expressed as: n1 * sin(i) = n2 * sin(r)

Where: - n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media. - i is the angle of incidence. - r is the angle of refraction.

The refractive index of air is approximately 1.00, and the refractive index of glass is around 1.50. Therefore, when light passes from glass to air, the angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction.

Conclusion

In summary, light does not refract on the convex lateral surface of a semicylinder because it does not encounter a boundary between different media. When light passes from glass to air, the angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction, and the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction are related by Snell's Law.