Question

В схеме реакции расставьте коэффициенты методом электронного баланса, укажите окислитель и восстановитель. HBr + H2SO4 = Br2 + SO2 + H2O

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Reaction Scheme:

The given reaction scheme is:

HBr + H2SO4 = Br2 + SO2 + H2O

Balancing the Equation:

To balance the equation using the method of electron balance, we need to ensure that the number of electrons gained in the reduction half-reaction is equal to the number of electrons lost in the oxidation half-reaction.

Let's balance the equation step by step:

1. Start by balancing the atoms other than hydrogen and oxygen. In this case, we have bromine (Br) and sulfur (S). The equation becomes:

2HBr + H2SO4 = Br2 + SO2 + H2O

2. Balance the hydrogen atoms by adding H+ ions to the side that needs more hydrogen. In this case, the left side needs more hydrogen. The equation becomes:

2HBr + H2SO4 = Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O

3. Balance the charge by adding electrons (e-) to the side that needs more negative charge. In this case, the left side needs more negative charge. The equation becomes:

2HBr + H2SO4 + 2e- = Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O

4. Balance the bromine atoms by adding Br- ions to the side that needs more bromine. In this case, the right side needs more bromine. The equation becomes:

2HBr + H2SO4 + 2e- = Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O + 2Br-

5. Balance the sulfur atoms by adding H2SO4 to the side that needs more sulfur. In this case, the right side needs more sulfur. The equation becomes:

2HBr + H2SO4 + 2e- = Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O + 2Br- + H2SO4

Oxidation and Reduction:

In the given reaction, HBr is oxidized to Br2, and H2SO4 is reduced to SO2.

- Oxidation: HBr is the oxidized species because it loses electrons and its oxidation state increases from -1 to 0 (Br2). - Reduction: H2SO4 is the reduced species because it gains electrons and its oxidation state decreases from +6 to +4 (SO2).

Summary:

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

2HBr + H2SO4 + 2e- = Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O + 2Br- + H2SO4

In this reaction, HBr is oxidized to Br2, and H2SO4 is reduced to SO2.