Question

Терміново потрібно! На крейду масою 200 г, що містить 5% домішок, подіяли розчином хлоридної кислоти, узятої у надлишку. Обчисліть об’єм вуглекислого газу, що виділиться у результаті цієї реакції, якщо об’ємна частка виходу продукту реакції становить 90%.

Answer 1

Ответ: 38,304 л

Дано:

m'(CaCO3) = 200 г

ω(дом.) = 5%, або 0,05

η(СО2)= 90%, або 0,9

Знайти:

V(CO2)-?

Объяснение:

M(CaCO3) = 100 г/моль

m(CaCO3) = m'(CaCO3)-m'(CaCO3)*ω(дом.) =

= 200 г - 200 г*0,05 = 190 г

n(CaCO3) = m/M = 190 г/100 г/моль = 1,9 моль

Vm = 22,4 л/моль

Складаємо РХР:

СаCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + CO2↑ + H2O

З РХР бачимо, що n(CO2)=n(CaCO3)

n(CO2) = 1.9 моль

Vтеор.(CO2) = n*Vm = 1,9 моль*22,4 л/моль = 42,56 л

V(СО2) = Vтеор.(СО2)*η(СО2)= 42,56 л*0,9 = 38,304 л

Відповідь: 38,304 л

Answer 2

To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas released in the reaction, we need to use the concept of stoichiometry. Stoichiometry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions.

Given information:

- Mass of chalk (CaCO3) = 200 g - Percentage of impurities = 5% - Excess hydrochloric acid (HCl) - Volume fraction of the product = 90%

Steps to calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas released:

1. Calculate the mass of pure chalk: - Mass of impurities = 5% of 200 g = 0.05 * 200 g = 10 g - Mass of pure chalk = Total mass - Mass of impurities = 200 g - 10 g = 190 g

2. Convert the mass of pure chalk to moles: - Molar mass of chalk (CaCO3) = 40.08 g/mol (Ca) + 12.01 g/mol (C) + 3 * 16.00 g/mol (O) = 100.09 g/mol - Moles of chalk = Mass of pure chalk / Molar mass of chalk = 190 g / 100.09 g/mol ≈ 1.899 mol

3. Use the balanced chemical equation to determine the stoichiometric ratio between chalk and carbon dioxide: - The balanced equation for the reaction between chalk (CaCO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is: ``` CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 ``` - From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of chalk produces 1 mole of carbon dioxide gas.

4. Calculate the moles of carbon dioxide gas produced: - Moles of carbon dioxide = Moles of chalk = 1.899 mol

5. Convert the moles of carbon dioxide gas to volume using the ideal gas law: - The ideal gas law equation is: PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature. - Assuming the pressure and temperature are constant, we can rearrange the equation to solve for volume: ``` V = nRT / P ``` - Since we are given the volume fraction of the product, we can assume that the volume of the product is directly proportional to the moles of carbon dioxide gas produced. - Therefore, the volume of carbon dioxide gas = Volume fraction of the product * Volume of the container - As we don't have the volume of the container, we can assume it to be 1 L for simplicity.

6. Substitute the values into the equation: - Volume of carbon dioxide gas = 90% * 1 L = 0.9 L

Answer:

The volume of carbon dioxide gas that will be released as a result of the reaction is approximately 0.9 liters.