Question

Нижняя часть грозового облака имела отрицательный эл заряд. Между облаком и Землей произошел разряд молнии. Удар молнии длился 50 мкс, сила тока была равна 20 кА. Какой эл. заряд получила Земля в результате удара молнии, и почему?

Answer 1

Q=I*t=20*10^3*50*10^-6=1 Кл

Answer 2

The Charge Received by the Earth from a Lightning Strike

When a lightning strike occurs, the lower part of the thundercloud carries a negative electric charge. A discharge of lightning then takes place between the cloud and the Earth. The duration of a lightning strike can vary, but in this case, it lasted for 50 microseconds (μs), and the current strength was 20 kiloamperes (kA).

To determine the electric charge received by the Earth as a result of the lightning strike, we need to calculate the total charge transferred during the 50 μs duration. The formula to calculate the charge (Q) is given by:

Q = I × t

Where: - Q is the charge in coulombs (C) - I is the current in amperes (A) - t is the time duration in seconds (s)

In this case, the current (I) is 20 kA, which is equivalent to 20,000 A, and the time duration (t) is 50 μs, which is equivalent to 50 × 10^-6 s.

Let's calculate the charge received by the Earth:

Q = (20,000 A) × (50 × 10^-6 s)

Using the above formula, we find that the charge received by the Earth is 1 coulomb (C).

The reason the Earth receives this charge is due to the flow of electrons from the cloud to the Earth during the lightning strike. The negative charge in the lower part of the thundercloud is attracted to the positively charged Earth, resulting in the transfer of charge.

Please note that the calculations provided are based on the given information and assumptions. The actual charge received by the Earth during a lightning strike can vary depending on various factors.