Question

Что такое электрический ток? условия существования электрического тока направления электрического тока

Answer 1

Направленное движение заряженных частиц,ионы ...а условия,это типа когда есть свободные носители)))из личных знаний)

Answer 2

What is an electric current?

An electric current refers to the flow of electric charge through a conductor. It is the movement of electrons or ions in a specific direction within a closed circuit. Electric current is measured in amperes (A) and is denoted by the symbol "I".

Conditions for the existence of an electric current

For an electric current to exist, three conditions must be met:

1. A closed circuit: An electric current requires a closed path or circuit for the flow of charge. This means that there must be a continuous loop or pathway for the electrons or ions to travel through. If the circuit is open or broken, the flow of charge will be interrupted, and no current will exist.

2. Potential difference: A potential difference, also known as voltage, is required to create an electric current. It is the driving force that pushes the electrons or ions through the circuit. The potential difference is created by a power source, such as a battery or generator, which provides the necessary energy to move the charges.

3. Conductive medium: An electric current can only flow through a conductive medium, such as a metal wire or an electrolyte solution. Conductive materials have free electrons or ions that can move easily in response to an applied electric field. Insulators, on the other hand, do not allow the flow of electric current because they lack free charges.

Direction of electric current

The direction of electric current is defined as the direction of the flow of positive charges. Historically, it was believed that electric current flowed from positive to negative. This convention, known as conventional current, is still used in many electrical circuits and diagrams. However, it was later discovered that electric current is actually the flow of negatively charged electrons moving from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of a power source. This is known as electron flow.

In summary, an electric current is the flow of electric charge through a closed circuit. It requires a closed circuit, a potential difference, and a conductive medium. The direction of electric current is defined as the flow of positive charges, although the actual flow of electrons is from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of a power source.