Question

Охотник стреляет с легкой надувной лодки. Определите скорость лодки после выстрела если масса охотника равна 70 кг, масса дроби 35г и среднее начальная скорость дробинок равна 320 м/с .Ствол ружья во время выстрела образует с горизонтом угол 60 градусов

Answer 1

Дано: m2 = 70кг; m1 = 35 = 3,5 ⋅ 10^-2кг; v1 = 320м/с; α = 60°;------------------------V2 -?По закону сохранению импульса, имеем уравнение
Ответ: 0,08 м/с

Answer 2

Calculation of the Boat's Speed After the Shot

To determine the speed of the boat after the shot, we can use the principle of conservation of momentum. According to this principle, the total momentum before the shot is equal to the total momentum after the shot.

The total momentum before the shot is given by the product of the mass of the hunter and the initial velocity of the hunter, while the total momentum after the shot is given by the sum of the momentum of the hunter and the momentum of the shot.

Let's calculate the speed of the boat after the shot using the given values:

- Mass of the hunter (m1) = 70 kg - Mass of the shot (m2) = 35 g = 0.035 kg - Initial velocity of the shot (v2) = 320 m/s - Angle between the gun barrel and the horizon (θ) = 60 degrees

First, we need to calculate the initial velocity of the hunter (v1) using the given values. We can use the conservation of momentum equation:

m1 * v1 = m2 * v2

Solving for v1:

v1 = (m2 * v2) / m1

Substituting the values:

v1 = (0.035 kg * 320 m/s) / 70 kg

Calculating v1:

v1 ≈ 0.16 m/s

Now, we can calculate the total momentum before the shot:

Total momentum before the shot = m1 * v1

Substituting the values:

Total momentum before the shot = 70 kg * 0.16 m/s

Calculating the total momentum before the shot:

Total momentum before the shot ≈ 11.2 kg·m/s

Next, we need to calculate the momentum of the shot. Since the shot is fired in the opposite direction of the boat's motion, the momentum of the shot is given by:

Momentum of the shot = -m2 * v2

Substituting the values:

Momentum of the shot = -0.035 kg * 320 m/s

Calculating the momentum of the shot:

Momentum of the shot ≈ -11.2 kg·m/s

Now, we can calculate the total momentum after the shot:

Total momentum after the shot = Total momentum before the shot + Momentum of the shot

Substituting the values:

Total momentum after the shot = 11.2 kg·m/s + (-11.2 kg·m/s)

Calculating the total momentum after the shot:

Total momentum after the shot ≈ 0 kg·m/s

Since the total momentum after the shot is zero, it means that the boat comes to rest after the shot. Therefore, the speed of the boat after the shot is approximately 0 m/s.

Please note that the calculations above are based on the given information and assumptions.