Question

А) рассчитайте количество теплоты,необходимое для нагревания 150кг алюминия на 190 градусов б) Какое количество теплоты выделилось при охлождении керосина объём которой 25л, если температура изменилась от 80 до 10 градусовв)Какое количество теплоты потребуется, чтобы в алюминиевом котелке массой 250 г нагреть 3 л воды от 40 °С до кипения?г) На сколько изменится температура воды в стакане, если ей передать количество теплоты, равное 100 Дж? Вместимость стакана 500 см3 (сантиметров в кубе/ кубических сантиметров).

Answer 1

Ответ:

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Answer 2

Calculation of Heat Required to Heat Aluminum

To calculate the amount of heat required to heat aluminum, we can use the formula:

Q = m * c * ΔT

Where: - Q is the heat energy in Joules (J) - m is the mass of the substance in kilograms (kg) - c is the specific heat capacity of the substance in J/(kg·°C) - ΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius (°C)

For aluminum, the specific heat capacity is approximately 0.897 J/(g·°C) or 897 J/(kg·°C) [[1]].

a) Let's calculate the amount of heat required to heat 150 kg of aluminum by 190 degrees Celsius.

m = 150 kg c = 897 J/(kg·°C) ΔT = 190 °C

Using the formula, we can calculate:

Q = 150 kg * 897 J/(kg·°C) * 190 °C = 25,515,300 J

Therefore, the amount of heat required to heat 150 kg of aluminum by 190 degrees Celsius is 25,515,300 Joules.

Heat Released during Cooling of Kerosene

To calculate the amount of heat released during the cooling of kerosene, we can use the same formula:

Q = m * c * ΔT

Where: - Q is the heat energy in Joules (J) - m is the mass of the substance in kilograms (kg) - c is the specific heat capacity of the substance in J/(kg·°C) - ΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius (°C)

The specific heat capacity of kerosene is approximately 2.1 J/(g·°C) or 2100 J/(kg·°C) [[2]].

b) Let's calculate the amount of heat released when 25 liters of kerosene (volume = 25 kg) cools down from 80 °C to 10 °C.

m = 25 kg c = 2100 J/(kg·°C) ΔT = 80 °C - 10 °C = 70 °C

Using the formula, we can calculate:

Q = 25 kg * 2100 J/(kg·°C) * 70 °C = 37,500,000 J

Therefore, the amount of heat released during the cooling of 25 liters of kerosene from 80 °C to 10 °C is 37,500,000 Joules.

Heat Required to Boil Water in an Aluminum Kettle

To calculate the amount of heat required to boil water in an aluminum kettle, we can use the same formula:

Q = m * c * ΔT

Where: - Q is the heat energy in Joules (J) - m is the mass of the substance in kilograms (kg) - c is the specific heat capacity of the substance in J/(kg·°C) - ΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius (°C)

For water, the specific heat capacity is approximately 4.18 J/(g·°C) or 4180 J/(kg·°C) [[3]].

c) Let's calculate the amount of heat required to heat 3 liters of water (mass = 3 kg) in an aluminum kettle weighing 250 g from 40 °C to boiling point (100 °C).

m = 3 kg c = 4180 J/(kg·°C) ΔT = 100 °C - 40 °C = 60 °C

Using the formula, we can calculate:

Q = 3 kg * 4180 J/(kg·°C) * 60 °C = 753,600 J

Therefore, the amount of heat required to heat 3 liters of water from 40 °C to boiling point in an aluminum kettle weighing 250 g is 753,600 Joules.

Change in Water Temperature when Given Heat is Transferred

To calculate the change in water temperature when a given amount