Question

Заряди двох однакових металевих кульок дорівнюють 5,7•10-9 Кл і -2,5•10-9 Кл. Який заряд матиме кожна кулька після дотику? Скільки електронів не вистачатиме на кожній кульці?

Answer 1

Ответ:

Дано:

q₁ = +5,7·10⁻⁹ Кл

q₂ = -2,5·10⁻⁹ Кл

e = 1,6·10⁻¹⁹ Кл - модуль заряда электрона

__________________

N - ?

q₀ = q₁ + q₂ = + 5,7·10⁻⁹ -  2,5·10⁻⁹ = +3,2·10⁻⁹ Кл

q = q₀ / 2 = +1,6·10⁻⁹ Кл

N = q / e = 1,6·10⁻⁹ / 1,6·10⁻¹⁹ = 1·10¹⁰ електронів

Объяснение:

Кожна кулька після дотику матиме +3,2·10⁻⁹ Кл заряд. 1·10¹⁰ електронів не вистачатиме на кожній кульці.

Answer 2

Calculating the Charge and the Shortage of Electrons

To calculate the charge and the shortage of electrons on each metal ball after they touch, we can use the principle of conservation of charge. When two objects with different charges come into contact, charge is transferred between them until their charges are equal.

Let's start by calculating the charges on each metal ball after they touch.

The formula to calculate the charge after contact is:

Q1 + Q2 = (Q1_initial + Q2_initial) / 2

Where: - Q1 and Q2 are the final charges on the two metal balls. - Q1_initial and Q2_initial are the initial charges on the two metal balls.

Given: - Q1_initial = 5.7 * 10^-9 C - Q2_initial = -2.5 * 10^-9 C

Substituting these values into the formula, we get:

Q1 + (-2.5 * 10^-9) = (5.7 * 10^-9 - 2.5 * 10^-9) / 2

Solving for Q1, we find:

Q1 = (5.7 * 10^-9 - 2.5 * 10^-9) / 2 + 2.5 * 10^-9

Let's calculate the value of Q1.

Q1 = (5.7 * 10^-9 - 2.5 * 10^-9) / 2 + 2.5 * 10^-9 Q1 = (3.2 * 10^-9) / 2 + 2.5 * 10^-9 Q1 = 1.6 * 10^-9 + 2.5 * 10^-9 Q1 = 4.1 * 10^-9 C

So, the charge on the first metal ball (Q1) after they touch is 4.1 * 10^-9 C.

Now, let's calculate the charge on the second metal ball (Q2) using the formula:

Q2 = (5.7 * 10^-9 - 4.1 * 10^-9)

Q2 = 1.6 * 10^-9 C

The charge on the second metal ball (Q2) after they touch is 1.6 * 10^-9 C.

Calculating the Shortage of Electrons

To calculate the shortage of electrons on each metal ball, we can use the formula:

n = Q / e

Where: - n is the number of electrons - Q is the charge - e is the elementary charge, approximately equal to 1.6 * 10^-19 C

Let's calculate the shortage of electrons on each metal ball.

For the first metal ball (Q1 = 4.1 * 10^-9 C):

n1 = 4.1 * 10^-9 / (1.6 * 10^-19) n1 ≈ 2.56 * 10^10 electrons

For the second metal ball (Q2 = 1.6 * 10^-9 C):

n2 = 1.6 * 10^-9 / (1.6 * 10^-19) n2 ≈ 1.0 * 10^10 electrons

So, after they touch, the first metal ball will have a shortage of approximately 2.56 * 10^10 electrons, and the second metal ball will have a shortage of approximately 1.0 * 10^10 electrons.