Question

Зачем под гайку подкладывают широкое металлическое кольцо-шайбу . Почему шайба особенно необходима при скреплении болтами деревянных частей??

Answer 1

больще площад соприкосновения

Answer 2

Purpose of a Wide Metal Washer-Shim Under a Nut

A wide metal washer-shim is often placed under a nut to serve several purposes:

1. Distribute Pressure: The washer-shim helps distribute the pressure evenly across the surface of the material being fastened. This helps prevent damage to the material and ensures a more secure connection.

2. Prevent Damage: By providing a larger surface area, the washer-shim helps prevent the nut from digging into the material or causing it to crack or split. This is particularly important when fastening delicate or brittle materials, such as wood.

3. Increase Stability: The washer-shim can increase the stability of the connection by providing additional support and preventing the nut from loosening over time. It acts as a barrier between the nut and the material, reducing the risk of the nut coming loose due to vibrations or other external forces.

4. Reduce Friction: The washer-shim can also help reduce friction between the nut and the material. This can make it easier to tighten the nut and prevent it from seizing or getting stuck in place.

Importance of a Washer-Shim when Fastening Wooden Parts with Bolts

When fastening wooden parts with bolts, a washer-shim is especially necessary for the following reasons:

1. Protect Wood Fibers: Wood is a relatively soft material compared to metal. When a bolt is tightened directly against wood, it can compress and damage the wood fibers, leading to weakened structural integrity. The washer-shim acts as a buffer, distributing the pressure more evenly and reducing the risk of damage to the wood fibers.

2. Prevent Splitting: Wood is prone to splitting when subjected to excessive pressure. The washer-shim helps prevent the wood from splitting by spreading the load over a larger area, reducing the concentration of force at a single point.

3. Improve Grip: The washer-shim provides a larger contact surface between the bolt and the wood, improving the grip and reducing the likelihood of the bolt coming loose over time. This is particularly important in applications where the wooden parts may be subjected to vibrations or movement.

In summary, using a wide metal washer-shim under a nut helps distribute pressure, prevent damage, increase stability, and reduce friction. When fastening wooden parts with bolts, the washer-shim is especially important for protecting the wood fibers, preventing splitting, and improving grip.