Question

В смеси газообразных CO и СO2 массовое отношение C:O равно 1:2.А. рассчитайте массовые доли газов в процентахБ. рассчитайте состав смеси по объёму в процентах.В. укажите соотношение С:О, при которых оба газа одновременно не могут присутствовать.

Answer 1

1) В смеси х моль СО (М = 28 г/моль) массой 28*х г, сод-х 12*х г С и 16*х г О, и у моль СО2 (М = 44 г/моль) массой 44*х г, сод-х 12*у г С и 32*у г О;

2) равенство в соот-и с условием: 12*х+12*у/16*х+32*у = 1/2 = 0.5; решение - х = у (смесь эквимолярная);

3) А) м.д. СО сос-т 28/(28+44) = 0.39 или 39%, м.д. СО2 - соот-но 44/(28+44) = 0.61 или 61%;

Б) в соот-и с 2) смесь эквимолярная, след-но объемные доли СО и СО2 сос-т по 50%;

В) из 2) легко найти нижнюю и верхнюю границы сущ-ия СМЕСИ СО и СО2: СМЕСЬ сущ-т при соот-ии С:О большем 0.375 (при соот-ии равном 0.375 пол-ся равенство 6*х = 0) и меньшем 0.75 (при соот-ии равном 0.75 пол-ся равенство 12*у = 0).

Answer 2

Calculation of Mass Percentages of CO and CO2 in the Gas Mixture

To calculate the mass percentages of CO and CO2 in the gas mixture, we need to determine the masses of each gas present.

Let's assume we have a total mass of 100 grams for the gas mixture.

According to the given mass ratio of C:O as 1:2, we can calculate the masses of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) in the mixture.

The mass of carbon (C) can be calculated as: Mass of C = (1 / (1 + 2)) * Total mass = (1 / 3) * 100 grams = 33.33 grams

The mass of oxygen (O) can be calculated as: Mass of O = (2 / (1 + 2)) * Total mass = (2 / 3) * 100 grams = 66.67 grams

Now, we can calculate the mass percentages of CO and CO2 in the gas mixture.

The molar mass of CO (carbon monoxide) is 28.01 g/mol, and the molar mass of CO2 (carbon dioxide) is 44.01 g/mol.

The number of moles of CO can be calculated as: Number of moles of CO = Mass of CO / Molar mass of CO = Mass of CO / 28.01 g/mol

The number of moles of CO2 can be calculated as: Number of moles of CO2 = Mass of CO2 / Molar mass of CO2 = Mass of CO2 / 44.01 g/mol

The mass percentage of CO in the gas mixture can be calculated as: Mass percentage of CO = (Number of moles of CO * Molar mass of CO) / Total mass * 100

The mass percentage of CO2 in the gas mixture can be calculated as: Mass percentage of CO2 = (Number of moles of CO2 * Molar mass of CO2) / Total mass * 100

Calculation of Volume Percentages of CO and CO2 in the Gas Mixture

To calculate the volume percentages of CO and CO2 in the gas mixture, we need to consider the ideal gas law and the molar volumes of CO and CO2 at standard temperature and pressure (STP).

At STP, 1 mole of any ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters.

The number of moles of CO can be calculated as: Number of moles of CO = Mass of CO / Molar mass of CO = Mass of CO / 28.01 g/mol

The number of moles of CO2 can be calculated as: Number of moles of CO2 = Mass of CO2 / Molar mass of CO2 = Mass of CO2 / 44.01 g/mol

The volume of CO can be calculated as: Volume of CO = Number of moles of CO * Molar volume at STP = Number of moles of CO * 22.4 liters/mol

The volume of CO2 can be calculated as: Volume of CO2 = Number of moles of CO2 * Molar volume at STP = Number of moles of CO2 * 22.4 liters/mol

Now, we can calculate the volume percentages of CO and CO2 in the gas mixture.

The total volume of the gas mixture can be calculated as the sum of the volumes of CO and CO2: Total volume = Volume of CO + Volume of CO2

The volume percentage of CO in the gas mixture can be calculated as: Volume percentage of CO = (Volume of CO / Total volume) * 100

The volume percentage of CO2 in the gas mixture can be calculated as: Volume percentage of CO2 = (Volume of CO2 / Total volume) * 100

Calculation of the C:O Ratio for the Absence of Both Gases

To determine the C:O ratio at which both CO and CO2 cannot coexist, we need to consider the stoichiometry of the combustion reaction between carbon and oxygen.

The balanced equation for the combustion of carbon to form CO2 is: C + O2 → CO2

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of carbon reacts with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 1 mole of CO2.

Therefore, for both CO and CO2 to be absent, the C:O ratio should be such that there is an excess of either carbon or oxygen.

If there is an excess of carbon, the C:O ratio should be less than 1:2. If there is an excess of oxygen, the C:O ratio should be greater than 1:2.

Hence, the C:O ratio at which both CO and CO2 cannot coexist is 1:2.

Please note that the calculations provided above are based on the given information and assumptions.