Question

Формула ортофостфатної кислоти

Answer 1

H3PO4 - ортофостфатная кислота

Answer 2

Formula of Orthophosphoric Acid

The formula of orthophosphoric acid is H3PO4.

Orthophosphoric acid, also known as phosphoric acid, is a mineral acid with the chemical formula H3PO4. It is a colorless, odorless liquid that is highly soluble in water. Orthophosphoric acid is a triprotic acid, meaning it can donate three protons (H+) in solution. Each proton donation corresponds to a different dissociation step, resulting in the formation of different phosphate species.

The structure of orthophosphoric acid consists of one central phosphorus atom (P) bonded to four oxygen atoms (O). Three of the oxygen atoms are single-bonded to the phosphorus atom, while the fourth oxygen atom is double-bonded. The hydrogen atoms (H) are attached to the oxygen atoms, giving the acid its acidic properties.

The dissociation of orthophosphoric acid in water can be represented by the following equations:

1. The first dissociation step: - H3PO4 ⇌ H+ + H2PO4- 2. The second dissociation step: - H2PO4- ⇌ H+ + HPO42- 3. The third dissociation step: - HPO42- ⇌ H+ + PO43-

Each dissociation step corresponds to the release of one proton, resulting in the formation of different phosphate species with varying levels of acidity.

Orthophosphoric acid is widely used in various industries, including the production of fertilizers, detergents, food additives, and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as a pH adjuster, rust remover, and as a component in electrolyte solutions [[3]](https://www.products.pcc.eu/en/blog/acetic-acid-unique-properties-and-applications/).

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