Question

Напишитн пожалуйста электронные формулы нейтральных атомов и ионов: Li и Li+ ; О и О 2- ; В и В 3+ Что общего у электронных формул этих элементов?

Answer 1

Li 1s2 2s1
Li+ 1s2
O 1s2 2s2 2p4
O2- 1s2 2s2 2p6
B 1s2 2s2 2p1
B3+ 1s2 2s2 2p6
Электронные формулы атомов элементов имеют незавершенный второй электронный уровень, а формулы ионов имеют завершенный внешний уровень

Answer 2

Electron Configurations of Neutral Atoms and Ions

The electron configurations of neutral atoms and ions can be represented using the electron configuration notation, which shows the distribution of electrons in the energy levels or shells of an atom.

- Neutral Lithium Atom (Li): The electron configuration of a neutral lithium atom is 1s^2 2s^1. - Lithium Ion (Li+): The electron configuration of a lithium ion (Li+) is 1s^2.

- Neutral Oxygen Atom (O): The electron configuration of a neutral oxygen atom is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4. - Oxide Ion (O^2-): The electron configuration of an oxide ion (O^2-) is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6.

- Neutral Boron Atom (B): The electron configuration of a neutral boron atom is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^1. - Boron Ion (B^3+): The electron configuration of a boron ion (B^3+) is 1s^2.

Commonality in Electron Configurations

The commonality in the electron configurations of these elements and their ions lies in the fact that when an atom loses or gains electrons to form an ion, it tends to achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of a noble gas.

- Lithium and Lithium Ion: Both the neutral lithium atom and the lithium ion have electron configurations that resemble that of helium, which is a noble gas. The lithium ion achieves a stable electron configuration by losing one electron to match the electron configuration of helium.

- Oxygen and Oxide Ion: Similarly, the neutral oxygen atom and the oxide ion have electron configurations that resemble that of neon, a noble gas. The oxide ion achieves a stable electron configuration by gaining two electrons to match the electron configuration of neon.

- Boron and Boron Ion: The neutral boron atom and the boron ion also exhibit a similar pattern. The boron ion achieves a stable electron configuration by losing three electrons to match the electron configuration of beryllium, a noble gas.

In summary, the commonality among the electron configurations of these elements and their ions is the tendency to achieve stable configurations similar to those of noble gases through the gain or loss of electrons.

I hope this helps! If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask.