Question

Сплавы на основе железа широко используются для производства излелий медицинского назначения и лабораторного инструментария. Анализ состава сплава показал, что он содержит 99 % железа и 1% цинка. Рассчитайте массу солей, которая может быть получена при взаимодействии 75 гр такого сплава с избытком соляной кислоты. Ответ округлите до целых.

Answer 1

Ответ: 168 г; 2 г

Дано:

m(спл.) = 75 г

ω(Fe) = 99%, или 0,99

ω(Zn) = 1%, или 0,01

m(FeCl2)-?

m(ZnCl2)-?

Объяснение:

M(Fe) = 56 г/моль

M(Zn) = 65 г/моль

M(FeCl2) = 127 г/моль

M(ZnCl2) = 136 г/моль

m(Fe) = m(спл.)*ω(Fe) = 75 г*0,99 = 74,25 г

m(Zn) = m(спл.) - m(Fe) = 75 г - 74,25 г = 0,75 г

n=m/M

n(Fe) = 74,25 г/56 г/моль = 1,326 моль

n(Zn) = 0,75 г/65 г/моль = 0,011 моль

Fe + 2HCl = FeCl2 + H2 (1)

Из УХР1 видно, что n(FeCl2)=n(Fe)

n(FeCl2) = 1.326 моль

m(FeCl2) = n*M = 1,326 моль*127 г/моль = 168,4 г ≈ 168 г

Zn + 2HCl = ZnCl2 + H2 (2)

Из УХР2 видно, что n(ZnCl2)=n(Zn)

n(ZnCl2) = 0,011 моль

m(ZnCl2) = n*M = 0,011 моль*136 г/моль = 1,5 г ≈2 г

Ответ: 168 г; 2 г

Answer 2

Calculation of the Mass of Salts Produced

To calculate the mass of salts that can be produced when 75 grams of the iron-based alloy (containing 99% iron and 1% zinc) reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid, we need to determine the chemical reaction and the stoichiometry involved.

The chemical reaction between the iron-based alloy and hydrochloric acid can be represented as follows:

Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of iron (Fe) reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce 1 mole of iron(II) chloride (FeCl2) and 1 mole of hydrogen gas (H2).

To calculate the mass of salts produced, we need to determine the number of moles of the iron-based alloy and then use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the number of moles of iron(II) chloride produced.

1. Calculate the number of moles of the iron-based alloy: - The iron-based alloy contains 99% iron and 1% zinc. - Therefore, the mass of iron in the alloy is 0.99 * 75 grams = 74.25 grams. - The molar mass of iron is approximately 55.845 g/mol. - Therefore, the number of moles of iron in the alloy is 74.25 grams / 55.845 g/mol = 1.328 moles.

2. Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the number of moles of iron(II) chloride produced: - From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of iron reacts to produce 1 mole of iron(II) chloride. - Therefore, the number of moles of iron(II) chloride produced is also 1.328 moles.

3. Calculate the mass of iron(II) chloride produced: - The molar mass of iron(II) chloride (FeCl2) is approximately 126.751 g/mol. - Therefore, the mass of iron(II) chloride produced is 1.328 moles * 126.751 g/mol = 168.45 grams.

Therefore, the mass of salts that can be produced when 75 grams of the iron-based alloy reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid is approximately 168 grams.