Question

Есть три знакомых друг другу бога: A, B и C, которые являются богами истины, лжи и случая в произвольном порядке. Бог истины всегда говорит правду, бог лжи — всегда обманывает, бог случая может говорить и правду, и ложь в произвольном порядке. Требуется определить богов, задав 3 вопроса, на которые можно ответить «да» или «нет». Каждый вопрос задаётся только одному богу. Боги понимают язык, но отвечают на своём языке, в котором есть 2 слова «da» и «ja», причём неизвестно, какое слово обозначает «да», а какое «нет». кто решит??????????????

Answer 1

Есть некоторые соображения.Первый вопрос любому из троих богов должен быть такой:Если бы я спросил, декабрь ли сейчас, вы ответили бы ja?
Сейчас действительно декабрь, и тот, кто говорит правду (неважно, бог он Правды или Случая, который говорит правду) ответит "да", также, как и на прямой вопрос "Сейчас декабрь?".
Тот, кто лжет (бог Лжи или Случая, который лжет) на прямой вопрос ответил бы "нет", но, так как он лжет, то ответит наоборот, то есть опять же "да".
Таким образом, мы узнаем, какое из слов означает "да", а какое "нет".
Дальше пока не придумал, но есть парочка интересных вопросов:
1) Ты - бог Лжи? - на этот вопрос и бог Правды, и бог Лжи, и бог Случая, который говорит правду, ответят "нет".
Бог Случая, который лжет, ответит "да"
2) Он - бог Лжи? - показывая при этом на первого.
Здесь все сложнее, вариантов много, пока не продумал до конца.

Answer 2

Problem Analysis

We have three gods: A, B, and C. Each god represents either truth, lies, or randomness. The god of truth always speaks the truth, the god of lies always lies, and the god of randomness can speak either truth or lies randomly. We need to determine the identities of the gods by asking three yes-or-no questions, with each question directed at only one god.

Solution

To solve this problem, we can use a process of elimination. We will ask each god a question that will help us identify their nature.

1. Ask God A: "If I were to ask God B if they are the god of lies, what would God B say?" - If God A is the god of truth, they will tell us what God B would say. - If God A is the god of lies, they will lie about what God B would say. - If God A is the god of randomness, they will randomly choose between telling the truth or lying.

2. Ask God B: "If I were to ask God C if they are the god of randomness, what would God C say?" - If God B is the god of truth, they will tell us what God C would say. - If God B is the god of lies, they will lie about what God C would say. - If God B is the god of randomness, they will randomly choose between telling the truth or lying.

3. Ask God C: "If I were to ask God A if they are the god of truth, what would God A say?" - If God C is the god of truth, they will tell us what God A would say. - If God C is the god of lies, they will lie about what God A would say. - If God C is the god of randomness, they will randomly choose between telling the truth or lying.

By analyzing the answers to these questions, we can determine the nature of each god and identify their identities.

Explanation

Let's analyze the possible answers for each question and what they imply:

1. If God A answers "da" (meaning "yes" or "true"): - If God A is the god of truth, this answer confirms their identity. - If God A is the god of lies, they would lie about what God B would say, so their answer would be "ja" (meaning "no" or "false"). - If God A is the god of randomness, their answer could be either "da" or "ja" randomly.

2. If God B answers "da" (meaning "yes" or "true"): - If God B is the god of truth, this answer confirms their identity. - If God B is the god of lies, they would lie about what God C would say, so their answer would be "ja" (meaning "no" or "false"). - If God B is the god of randomness, their answer could be either "da" or "ja" randomly.

3. If God C answers "da" (meaning "yes" or "true"): - If God C is the god of truth, this answer confirms their identity. - If God C is the god of lies, they would lie about what God A would say, so their answer would be "ja" (meaning "no" or "false"). - If God C is the god of randomness, their answer could be either "da" or "ja" randomly.

By analyzing the answers, we can determine the nature of each god and identify their identities.

Identifying the Gods

Let's go through the possible scenarios:

1. If God A answers "da" (yes/true): - If God B answers "da" (yes/true), then God C must be the god of lies, as the god of truth would confirm the god of randomness. - If God B answers "ja" (no/false), then God C must be the god of truth, as the god of lies would lie about the god of randomness.

2. If God A answers "ja" (no/false): - If God B answers "da" (yes/true), then God C must be the god of randomness, as the god of truth would confirm the god of lies. - If God B answers "ja" (no/false), then God C must be the god of truth, as the god of lies would lie about the god of randomness.

3. If God A's answer is random ("da" or "ja"): - If God B answers "da" (yes/true), then God C must be the god of lies, as the god of truth would confirm the god of randomness. - If God B answers "ja" (no/false), then God C must be the god of randomness, as the god of lies would lie about the god of randomness.

Based on the above analysis, we can identify the gods as follows:

- The god who answers "da" to the first question is the god of truth. - The god who answers "da" to the second question is the god of randomness. - The god who answers "da" to the third question is the god of lies.

Conclusion

By asking the three questions outlined above and analyzing the answers, we can determine the identities of the gods A, B, and C. Remember that the gods understand the language but respond in their own language, where "da" and "ja" represent "yes" and "no" respectively.