Question

1. Маша часто рисует. Когда она приезжает в гости к бабушке, то обязательно рисует бабушкин портрет. Выберите утверждения, которые следуют из данной информации. 1) Если Маша не у бабушки, то она не рисует. 2) Если Маша рисует, значит, она гостит у бабушки. 3) Если Маша вчера не рисовала, значит, она не была вчера у бабушки. 4)Если Маша в воскресенье гостила у бабушки, значит, она в это воскресенье рисовала.

Answer 1

4) Если Маша в воскресенье гостила у бабушки, значит. что она в это воскресенье рисовала.
Все остальные не подходят, ведь там написано что маша часто рисует. Значит она может рисовать и у себя дома.

Answer 2

Answer in detail. 1. Masha often draws. When she visits her grandmother, she always draws her grandmother's portrait. Choose the statements that follow from this information. 1) If Masha is not with her grandmother, then she does not draw. 2) If Masha draws, then she is visiting her grandmother. 3) If Masha did not draw yesterday, then she was not with her grandmother yesterday. 4) If Masha visited her grandmother on Sunday, then she drew on that Sunday.

The correct answer is only statement 4. The other statements are not logically valid, because they do not follow from the given information. Let me explain why:

- Statement 1 is a denial of the antecedent fallacy. It assumes that Masha only draws when she is with her grandmother, but the information does not say that. It is possible that Masha draws at other times or places as well, since she often draws. - Statement 2 is a converse error fallacy. It assumes that the only reason Masha draws is because she is visiting her grandmother, but the information does not say that. It is possible that Masha has other reasons or motivations to draw, since she often draws. - Statement 3 is a denial of the consequent fallacy. It assumes that Masha always draws when she is with her grandmother, but the information does not say that. It is possible that Masha does not draw sometimes when she visits her grandmother, for example, if she is busy or tired. - Statement 4 is a valid modus ponens argument. It follows from the information that Masha always draws her grandmother's portrait when she visits her grandmother. Therefore, if Masha visited her grandmother on Sunday, then she drew on that Sunday. This statement is true, unless there is some exception or contradiction in the information.