Question

При полном сгорании органического вещества массой 2,2г образовался СО, и Н2О массой соответственно 4,4 ги 1,8 г соответственно. Определите эмпирическую формулу вещества. Пожалуйста, можно через: Дано; -?; решение, спасибо!

Answer 1

Ответ: C2H4O

Объяснение:

В условии ошибка: органика сгорает до CO2

Дано: m(в-ва) = 2.2г ; m(CO2) = 4.4г ; m(H2O) = 1.8г

Найти: Формулу вещества

Решение: n(CO2) = m(CO2) / M(CO2) = 4.4г / 44(г/моль) = 0.1 моль

n(C) = n(CO2) = 0.1 моль => m(C) = n(C) * M(C) = 0.1 моль * 12(г/моль) = 1.2г

                 n(H2O) = m(H2O) / M(H2O) = 1.8г / 18(г/моль) = 0.1 моль

n(H) = 2n(H2O) = 2 * 0.1 моль = 0.2 моль => m(H) = 0.2 моль * 1 (г/моль) = 0.2г

m(O) = m(в-ва) - m(C) - m(H) = 2.2г - 1.2г - 0.2г = 0.8 г

n(O) = m(O) / M(O) = 0.8 моль / 16 (г/моль) = 0.05 моль

Соотношение атомов углерода, водорода и кислорода в молекуле искомого вещества: n(C) : n(H) : n(O) = 0.1 : 0.2 : 0.05 ( делим всё на 0.05) =>  n(C) : n(H) : n(O) = 2 : 4 : 1 => C2H4O

Answer 2

Given:

- Mass of organic substance = 2.2 g - Mass of CO produced = 4.4 g - Mass of H2O produced = 1.8 g

Solution:

To determine the empirical formula of the substance, we need to find the ratio of the elements present in the compound.

1. Calculate the number of moles of CO and H2O produced: - Moles of CO = mass of CO / molar mass of CO - Moles of H2O = mass of H2O / molar mass of H2O

2. Determine the ratio of moles of carbon to moles of hydrogen: - Divide the moles of carbon by the smallest value obtained in step 1. - Divide the moles of hydrogen by the smallest value obtained in step 1.

3. Round the ratio to the nearest whole number to obtain the subscripts for the empirical formula.

Let's calculate the values:

1. Calculate the number of moles of CO and H2O produced: - Molar mass of CO = 12.01 g/mol (carbon) + 16.00 g/mol (oxygen) = 28.01 g/mol - Molar mass of H2O = 1.01 g/mol (hydrogen) + 16.00 g/mol (oxygen) = 18.01 g/mol

- Moles of CO = 4.4 g / 28.01 g/mol = 0.157 mol - Moles of H2O = 1.8 g / 18.01 g/mol = 0.100 mol

2. Determine the ratio of moles of carbon to moles of hydrogen: - Ratio of moles of carbon to moles of hydrogen = Moles of CO / Moles of H2O - Ratio of moles of carbon to moles of hydrogen = 0.157 mol / 0.100 mol = 1.57

3. Round the ratio to the nearest whole number: - The empirical formula will have 2 carbon atoms and 3 hydrogen atoms.

Answer:

The empirical formula of the substance is C2H3.