Question

Осуществить следующие превращения:1)Al→Al2O3→AlCl3→Al(OH)3→Al2O3; 2)Si→ SiO2 → Na2SiO3 → H2SiO3→ SiO2 → Si; 3)Mg → MgO→MgCl2→Mg(OH)2 → MgO​

Answer 1

1. Al→Al2O3→AlCl3→Al(OH)3→Al2O3;

1)4Al+3O2=2Al2O3

2) Al2O3+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2O

3) AlCl3+3NaOH=Al(OH)3+3NACl

4) 2AL(OH)3=Al2O3+3H2O

2. 2)Si→ SiO2 → Na2SiO3 → H2SiO3→ SiO2 → Si;

1) Si + O2 =SiO2

2) SiO2 + 2 NaOH= Na2SiO3 + H2O

3) Na2SiO3 + 2 HCl = H2SiO3 + 2 NaCl

4) H2SiO3= SiO2 + H2O

5) SiO2 + 2Mg= 2MgO + Si

3. 3)Mg → MgO→MgCl2→Mg(OH)2 → MgO​

1) 2Mg + O2 = 2MgO

2)MgO + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2O

3) MgCl2 + 2NaOH = Mg(OH)2↓ + 2NaCl

4) Mg(OH)2 = MgO + H2O

Answer 2

1)

al → al2o3 Aluminum (Al) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form aluminum oxide (Al2O3).

al2o3 → alcl3 Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) reacts with chlorine gas (Cl2) to form aluminum chloride (AlCl3).

alcl3 → al(oh)3 Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) reacts with water (H2O) to form aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3).

al(oh)3 → al2o3 Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) undergoes dehydration to form aluminum oxide (Al2O3).

2)

si → sio2 Silicon (Si) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form silicon dioxide (SiO2).

sio2 → na2sio3 Silicon dioxide (SiO2) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form sodium silicate (Na2SiO3).

na2sio3 → h2sio3 Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) reacts with acid (HCl) to form silicic acid (H2SiO3).

h2sio3 → sio2 Silicic acid (H2SiO3) undergoes dehydration to form silicon dioxide (SiO2).

sio2 → si Silicon dioxide (SiO2) can be reduced by a strong reducing agent, such as carbon, to form silicon (Si).

3)

mg+ → mgo Magnesium (Mg) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form magnesium oxide (MgO).

mgo → mgcl2 Magnesium oxide (MgO) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form magnesium chloride (MgCl2).

mgcl2 → mg(oh)2 Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2).

mg(oh)2 → mgo Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) undergoes dehydration to form magnesium oxide (MgO).