Question

Электролит/неэлектролит C2H5OH NaOH AlCl3 HNO3 H2O CO2

Answer 1

C2H5OH - этиловый спирт, органическое соединение, относится классу спиртов -> неэлектролит.

NaOH - гидроксид натрия, неорганическое соединение, щелочь -> электролит

AlCl3 - хлорид алюминия, неорганическое соединение, соль -> электролит

HNO3 - азотная кислота, неорганическое соединение, относится к классу кислот -> электролит

H2O - вода, неорганическое соединение, оксид -> неэлектролит

CO2 - углекислый газ, неорганическое соединение, оксид -> неэлектролит

Answer 2

To determine whether a substance is an electrolyte or a non-electrolyte, we need to understand how it dissociates or ionizes in water.

1. C2H5OH (Ethanol) - Non-electrolyte: Ethanol does not dissociate into ions in water; it remains as molecules.

2. NaOH (Sodium hydroxide) - Electrolyte: Sodium hydroxide dissociates into ions (Na+ and OH-) in water, making it an electrolyte.

3. AlCl3 (Aluminum chloride) - Electrolyte: Aluminum chloride dissociates into ions (Al3+ and Cl-) in water, making it an electrolyte.

4. HNO3 (Nitric acid) - Electrolyte: Nitric acid dissociates into ions (H+ and NO3-) in water, making it an electrolyte.

5. H2O (Water) - Partial electrolyte: Pure water does not have many ions, but it undergoes autoionization to form H+ and OH- ions. So, it can conduct electricity to some extent, making it a partial electrolyte.

6. CO2 (Carbon dioxide) - Non-electrolyte: Carbon dioxide does not dissociate into ions in water; it remains as molecules.

In summary:

Electrolytes: NaOH, AlCl3, HNO3 Partial Electrolyte: H2O Non-electrolytes: C2H5OH, CO2