Question

Сколько литров углекислого газа при н. у. может дать огнетушитель содержащий раствор NaHCO3 (плотность 1,05 г/см3) объемом 20 л с массовой долей NaHCO3 8%

Answer 1

1680 г                                                                                              х л

$2NaHCO_3+H_2SO_4=Na_2SO_4+2H_2O+CO_2$

168 г                                                                                               22,4 л

1. Сначала переведем объем раствора в массу через плотность,учитывая,что 20 л - это 20 000 мл или 20 000 см в кубе:

m(раствора)=V*р(ро)=20 000* 1,05=21 000 г

2. Теперь определим чистую массу гидрокарбоната в растворе,учитывая,что 8% - это 0,08(но без %):

m(NaHCO3)=m(раствора)*w(NaHCO3)=21 000*0,08=1680 г

3. А теперь,подставив эту массу в уравнение,решаем как обычно с помощью пропорции:

при взаимодействии 168 г гидрокарбоната выделится 22,4 л углекислого газа, а

при  --  \\  --             1680 г_______________________х л, откуда

 х=1680*22,4/168=224 л

Answer 2

Calculating the Amount of Carbon Dioxide

To calculate the amount of carbon dioxide that can be produced by the fire extinguisher containing a solution of NaHCO3 with a density of 1.05 g/cm3 and a volume of 20 L with a mass fraction of NaHCO3 of 8%, we can use the following steps:

1. Calculate the mass of NaHCO3 in the solution. 2. Use the molar mass of NaHCO3 to find the number of moles of NaHCO3. 3. Use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NaHCO3 and HCl to find the number of moles of CO2 produced. 4. Convert the moles of CO2 to liters at standard temperature and pressure (STP).

Step 1: Calculate the Mass of NaHCO3 in the Solution

The mass fraction of NaHCO3 is 8%, and the volume of the solution is 20 L. We can calculate the mass of NaHCO3 using the formula:

mass = volume × density

The mass fraction of NaHCO3 is 8%, so the mass of NaHCO3 can be calculated as:

mass of NaHCO3 = volume × density × mass fraction

Substituting the given values: mass of NaHCO3 = 20 L × 1.05 g/cm3 × 8%

Step 2: Calculate the Number of Moles of NaHCO3

To find the number of moles of NaHCO3, we can use the molar mass of NaHCO3, which is approximately 84 g/mol.

moles of NaHCO3 = mass of NaHCO3 / molar mass of NaHCO3

Substituting the given values: moles of NaHCO3 = (20 L × 1.05 g/cm3 × 8%) / 84 g/mol

Step 3: Use the Balanced Chemical Equation

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NaHCO3 and HCl is:

NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2

From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that 1 mole of NaHCO3 produces 1 mole of CO2.

Step 4: Convert Moles of CO2 to Liters at STP

At standard temperature and pressure (STP), 1 mole of any gas occupies approximately 22.4 liters.

liters of CO2 at STP = moles of CO2 × 22.4

Substituting the calculated moles of NaHCO3: liters of CO2 at STP = (moles of NaHCO3) × 22.4

By following these steps, we can calculate the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the fire extinguisher containing the NaHCO3 solution.

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