Question

Какой объём углекислого газа может быть получен при действии соляной кислоты на 212 г 10%-ного раствора карбоната натрия

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Calculating the Volume of Carbon Dioxide Produced

To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with a 10% solution of sodium carbonate, we can use the following chemical equation:

2HCl + Na2CO3 → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2

The molar mass of Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate) is 105.99 g/mol, and the molar mass of CO2 (carbon dioxide) is 44.01 g/mol.

Given: - Mass of 10% Na2CO3 solution = 212 g - Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 105.99 g/mol - Volume of CO2 produced = ?

First, we need to find the number of moles of Na2CO3 in the given mass of the solution.

Calculating Moles of Na2CO3

Using the formula: Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass

The number of moles of Na2CO3 can be calculated as: ``` Moles of Na2CO3 = Mass of Na2CO3 / Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 212 g / 105.99 g/mol ≈ 1.997 moles ``` [[8 #]]

Stoichiometry Calculation

From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that 1 mole of Na2CO3 produces 1 mole of CO2.

So, the number of moles of CO2 produced will also be approximately 1.997 moles.

Calculating Volume of CO2

Using the ideal gas law equation: PV = nRT

Where: - P = pressure (atm) - V = volume (L) - n = number of moles - R = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K) - T = temperature (K)

Assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP), where T = 273 K and P = 1 atm, we can calculate the volume of CO2 produced.

``` V = nRT / P = (1.997 moles) * (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K) * (273 K) / (1 atm) ≈ 44.1 L ``` [[8 #]]

Conclusion

The volume of carbon dioxide that can be obtained when 212 g of a 10% solution of sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid is approximately 44.1 liters at standard temperature and pressure (STP).