Question

10. Обчисліть об’єм газу, що утвориться під час взаємодії розчину натрій карбонату масою 85 г з масовою часткою розчиненої речовини 30% з надлишком нітратної кислоти

Answer 1

85*0,3=25,5 г чистого Na2CO3
Na2CO3+2HNO3=2NaNO3+H2O+CO2↑
n(Na2CO3)=m/M=25,5/106=0,24 моль
n(CO2)=0,24 моль
V(CO2)=n*Vm=0,24*22,4=5,376 л

Answer 2

Calculation of the Volume of Gas Produced

To calculate the volume of gas produced during the interaction between sodium carbonate solution and an excess of nitric acid, we need to use the given information:

- Mass of sodium carbonate = 85 g - Mass fraction of dissolved substance = 30% - Excess of nitric acid

To calculate the volume of gas produced, we can use the ideal gas law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas. The number of moles can be calculated using the mass and molar mass of the substance.

1. Calculate the number of moles of sodium carbonate: - Molar mass of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) = 22.99 g/mol (2 Na) + 12.01 g/mol (C) + 3(16.00 g/mol) (O) = 105.99 g/mol - Number of moles of sodium carbonate = mass of sodium carbonate / molar mass of sodium carbonate - Number of moles of sodium carbonate = 85 g / 105.99 g/mol

2. Calculate the number of moles of the dissolved substance: - Mass of the dissolved substance = mass of sodium carbonate * mass fraction of dissolved substance - Number of moles of the dissolved substance = mass of the dissolved substance / molar mass of the dissolved substance

3. Determine the limiting reactant: - The limiting reactant is the one that is completely consumed in the reaction and determines the amount of product formed. - To determine the limiting reactant, we compare the number of moles of sodium carbonate and the number of moles of the dissolved substance. The reactant with the smaller number of moles is the limiting reactant.

4. Calculate the number of moles of the gas produced: - The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium carbonate and nitric acid will provide the stoichiometric ratio between the limiting reactant and the gas produced. - Using the stoichiometric ratio, we can calculate the number of moles of the gas produced.

5. Calculate the volume of the gas produced: - The volume of the gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law: V = nRT/P, where V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature, and P is the pressure. - Since the temperature and pressure are not provided in the question, we cannot calculate the exact volume of the gas. However, we can provide the formula to calculate it once the temperature and pressure are known.

Please note that the exact calculation requires additional information, such as the balanced chemical equation and the temperature and pressure conditions. Without this information, we can only provide the general steps to calculate the volume of gas produced.

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