Question

Сколько граммов нитрида кальция образуется при взаимодействии 1,12 л (н.у.) азота с 14 г кальция?Какое вещество и в каком количестве взято в избытке?

Answer 1

Образуется нитрид кальция 
3Сa + N2 = Ca3N2 
120 -----22,4 
х ----------1,12 
х = 6 г кальция требуется, следовательно, он взят в избытке 
14 - 6 = 8 г - избыток 

22,4 ----148 
1,12 ----х 
х = 7,4 г

Answer 2

Calculation of Calcium Nitride Formation

To determine the amount of calcium nitride formed when 1.12 L of nitrogen gas reacts with 14 g of calcium, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium and nitrogen gas.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

3Ca + N2 → Ca3N2

From the balanced equation, we can see that 3 moles of calcium react with 1 mole of nitrogen gas to produce 1 mole of calcium nitride.

To calculate the amount of calcium nitride formed, we need to convert the given quantities of nitrogen gas and calcium into moles.

1. Calculate the number of moles of nitrogen gas: - Given: 1.12 L of nitrogen gas - We need to convert the volume of gas to moles using the ideal gas law. - The molar volume of an ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is 22.4 L/mol. - Therefore, the number of moles of nitrogen gas is: 1.12 L / 22.4 L/mol = 0.05 mol.

2. Calculate the number of moles of calcium: - Given: 14 g of calcium - We need to convert the mass of calcium to moles using its molar mass. - The molar mass of calcium (Ca) is 40.08 g/mol. - Therefore, the number of moles of calcium is: 14 g / 40.08 g/mol = 0.35 mol.

3. Determine the limiting reactant: - To determine the limiting reactant, we compare the moles of each reactant. - The reactant that is completely consumed (runs out first) is the limiting reactant. - In this case, nitrogen gas (0.05 mol) is the limiting reactant because it is present in a smaller amount compared to calcium (0.35 mol).

4. Calculate the amount of calcium nitride formed: - Since the balanced equation shows that 3 moles of calcium react with 1 mole of nitrogen gas to produce 1 mole of calcium nitride, we can use the mole ratio to calculate the amount of calcium nitride formed. - The number of moles of calcium nitride formed is equal to the number of moles of nitrogen gas used. - Therefore, the amount of calcium nitride formed is: 0.05 mol.

Excess Reactant

The excess reactant is the reactant that is not completely consumed in the reaction. In this case, calcium is the excess reactant because it is present in a larger amount compared to nitrogen gas.

The amount of calcium remaining after the reaction can be calculated by subtracting the moles of calcium nitride formed (0.05 mol) from the initial moles of calcium (0.35 mol).

The amount of calcium remaining is: 0.35 mol - 0.05 mol = 0.30 mol.

Therefore, calcium is present in excess with an amount of 0.30 mol.

To summarize: - The amount of calcium nitride formed is 0.05 mol. - Calcium is present in excess with an amount of 0.30 mol.

Please note that the above calculations are based on the given information and the balanced chemical equation.