Question

ПОМОГИТЕ ПОЖАЛУЙСТА 1)В чем состоит роль кокса в доменном процессе? Можно ли в ходе доменного процесса получить чистое железо? 2)Какова роль флюса в доменном процессе? Если железная руда в виде пустой породы содержит известняк, то что следует использовать в качестве флюса? 3)Перечислите отличительные особенности трех способов переработки чугуна в сталь.

Answer 1

.нагреватель и остужитель

Answer 2

Role of Coke in the Iron Smelting Process

Coke plays a crucial role in the iron smelting process. It is used as a fuel and a reducing agent in the blast furnace. The primary function of coke is to provide the heat and carbon monoxide necessary for reducing iron ore into iron. Additionally, coke helps maintain the permeability of the furnace charge by supporting the weight of the burden and allowing gases to pass through it.

In the course of the iron smelting process, it is possible to obtain pure iron. The reduction of iron ore with carbon monoxide in the blast furnace results in the production of molten iron, which can be further processed to obtain pure iron.

Role of Flux in the Iron Smelting Process

The flux in the iron smelting process serves multiple purposes. It helps to lower the melting point of the impurities present in the iron ore, allowing them to be easily removed as slag. Additionally, flux aids in the formation of a fluid slag that can be easily separated from the molten iron. This process helps in the purification of the iron and prevents the formation of a solid mass of impurities, known as a "bloom".

If the iron ore in the form of barren rock contains limestone, then limestone can be used as a flux. Limestone, or calcium carbonate, acts as a flux by combining with the impurities in the ore to form a slag, which can be easily separated from the molten iron.

Differentiating Iron Smelting Methods

There are three distinctive methods for converting pig iron into steel, each with its own characteristics:

1. Bessemer Process: The Bessemer process involves blowing air through molten pig iron to oxidize impurities such as carbon, silicon, and manganese. This method is known for its high-speed production and low cost but is limited in its ability to remove phosphorus and sulfur from the iron.

2. Open Hearth Process: In the open hearth process, pig iron is melted in a shallow, flat-bottomed reverberatory furnace and then refined by the addition of scrap steel or wrought iron. This method is effective in removing impurities and is suitable for a wide range of steel grades, but it is relatively slow compared to the Bessemer process.

3. Basic Oxygen Process (BOP): The BOP involves blowing oxygen through molten pig iron to remove impurities. This method is highly efficient and can produce large quantities of high-quality steel, making it the dominant steelmaking process globally.

These methods differ in their efficiency, cost, and the range of impurities they can effectively remove from the pig iron, thus offering various options for steel production.

I hope this information is helpful! If you have further questions or need more details, feel free to ask.