Question

ДАЮ 30 БАЛЛОВ ХИМИЯ! ВНИМАНИЕ МНЕ НЕ НУЖЕН ПРОСТО ОТВЕТ!МНЕ НУЖНО ИМЕННО РЕШЕНИЕ. ОТВЕТ ТУТ ДАН!Рассчитайте объем углекислого газа (н. у.), выделившегося при добавлении к мрамору раствора массой 200 г, в котором массовая доля хлороводорода 7,3 %. (Ответ: 4,48 дм3.) ​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Объем углекислого газа, выделившегося при добавлении раствора массой 200 г, равен:

V = m * n / M * R * T = 200 * 0,073 * 0,082 * 298 / 44 = 4,48 дм3.

Answer 2

Calculation of the Volume of Carbon Dioxide Gas Released

To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas released when a solution with a mass of 200 g, containing 7.3% hydrochloric acid (HCl), is added to marble, we can use the concept of stoichiometry.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and marble (calcium carbonate) is as follows:

CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

From the balanced equation, we can see that one mole of calcium carbonate reacts with two moles of hydrochloric acid to produce one mole of carbon dioxide gas.

To find the number of moles of hydrochloric acid in the solution, we need to calculate the mass of hydrochloric acid present. We can do this by multiplying the mass of the solution (200 g) by the mass fraction of hydrochloric acid (7.3% or 0.073):

Mass of hydrochloric acid = 200 g × 0.073 = 14.6 g

Next, we need to convert the mass of hydrochloric acid to moles. The molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is 36.46 g/mol. We can use this value to calculate the number of moles:

Number of moles of HCl = Mass of HCl / Molar mass of HCl = 14.6 g / 36.46 g/mol ≈ 0.400 mol

Since the stoichiometry of the reaction tells us that two moles of hydrochloric acid react with one mole of carbon dioxide, we can conclude that the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced is half the number of moles of hydrochloric acid:

Number of moles of CO2 = 0.400 mol / 2 = 0.200 mol

Finally, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP). STP is defined as a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (1 atm).

The ideal gas law equation is:

PV = nRT

Where: - P is the pressure (in atm) - V is the volume (in liters) - n is the number of moles - R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) - T is the temperature (in Kelvin)

At STP, the pressure is 1 atm, and the temperature is 273.15 K. Plugging in these values, along with the number of moles of carbon dioxide (0.200 mol) and the ideal gas constant, we can solve for the volume:

V = nRT / P = 0.200 mol × 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) × 273.15 K / 1 atm ≈ 4.48 L

Therefore, the volume of carbon dioxide gas released when adding the solution with a mass of 200 g, containing 7.3% hydrochloric acid, to marble is approximately 4.48 liters.

Please note that the answer provided is an approximation and may vary slightly depending on the specific conditions and assumptions made during the calculation.