Question

Встановіть відповідність між реагентами якісних реакцій та класом сполук: А алкени Б альдегіди В одноатомні спирти Г багатоатомні спирти 1 металічний натрій; 2 купрум (ІІ) оксид; 3 аргентум оксид; 4 купрум (ІІ) гідроксид; 5 бромна вода.

Answer 1

Ответ:

1=Б

2=Г

3=В

4=А

............................

Answer 2

Correspondence between reagents of qualitative reactions and class of compounds:

To determine the correspondence between the reagents of qualitative reactions and the class of compounds, we need to analyze the reactions and the compounds involved. Here is the correspondence:

A. Alkenes: Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond. They can undergo addition reactions with certain reagents. One common reagent used to test for alkenes is bromine water (bromine in water). When an alkene reacts with bromine water, the reddish-brown color of bromine water disappears, indicating the presence of an alkene. Therefore, the correspondence for alkenes is 5. Bromine water.

B. Aldehydes: Aldehydes are a class of organic compounds that contain a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain. They can be identified using various reagents. One common reagent used to test for aldehydes is Tollens' reagent. Tollens' reagent is a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) in aqueous ammonia (NH3). When an aldehyde reacts with Tollens' reagent, a silver mirror is formed on the inner surface of the test tube. Therefore, the correspondence for aldehydes is 3. Argentum oxide (Tollens' reagent).

C. Monatomic alcohols: Monatomic alcohols are alcohols that contain only one carbon atom. They can be identified using specific reagents. One common reagent used to test for monatomic alcohols is sodium metal (Na). When a monatomic alcohol reacts with sodium metal, hydrogen gas is evolved. Therefore, the correspondence for monatomic alcohols is 1. Metallic sodium.

D. Polyatomic alcohols: Polyatomic alcohols are alcohols that contain more than one carbon atom. They can also be identified using specific reagents. One common reagent used to test for polyatomic alcohols is copper (II) hydroxide (Cu(OH)2). When a polyatomic alcohol reacts with copper (II) hydroxide, a blue precipitate of copper (II) oxide is formed. Therefore, the correspondence for polyatomic alcohols is 4. Copper (II) hydroxide.

To summarize:

- Alkenes correspond to 5. Bromine water. - Aldehydes correspond to 3. Argentum oxide (Tollens' reagent). - Monatomic alcohols correspond to 1. Metallic sodium. - Polyatomic alcohols correspond to 4. Copper (II) hydroxide.

Please note that these correspondences are based on the information provided and may vary depending on the specific reaction conditions and compounds involved.