Question

[4] б) Установите соответствие Химическая реакция Отношение объемов газов 1 Cl2 + O2 = Cl2O7 А 2:1:2 2 N2 + H2 = NH3 Б 2:7:2 3 CO + O2 = CO2 В 1:3:2 4 H2 + Cl2 = HCl Г 1:1:2 1 2 3 4

Answer 1

Отношение объёмов газов равно отношению коэффициентов перед их формулами в уравнении химической реакции.

Чтобы найти отношение объёмов газов, нужно в предложенных уравнениях реакций расставить коэффициенты (если перед веществом не стоит коэффициента, то это значит, что он равен 1).

№1. 2Cl₂ + 7O₂ ⇒ 2Cl₂O₇.

V(Cl₂) : V(O₂) : V(Cl₂O₇) = 2 : 7 : 2 (Б).

Оговорка : такая реакция не протекает (хлор не реагирует с кислородом), и оксид хлора (Ⅶ) - Cl₂O₇ находится в жидком агрегатном состоянии.

№2. N₂(г) + 3H₂(г) ⇒ 2NH₃(г).

V(N₂) : V(H₂) : V(NH₃) = 1 : 3 : 2 (В).

№3. 2СО(г) + О₂(г) ⇒ 2СО₂(г).

V(CO) : V(O₂) : V(CO₂) = 2 : 1 : 2 (А).

№4. H₂(г) + Cl₂(г) ⇒ 2HCl(г).

V(H₂) : V(Cl₂) : V(HCl) = 1 : 1 : 2 (Г).

Ответ : 1 - Б, 2 - В, 3 - А, 4 - Г.

Answer 2

Chemical Reactions and Gas Volumes

Chemical reactions involve the transformation of reactants into products. The stoichiometry of a chemical reaction describes the quantitative relationship between the amounts of reactants and products. In some reactions, the volumes of gases involved can also be related to the stoichiometry.

Let's analyze the given chemical reactions and their corresponding gas volume ratios:

a) Cl2 + O2 → Cl2O7 The gas volume ratio for this reaction is 1:1:2. This means that for every 1 volume of chlorine gas (Cl2) and 1 volume of oxygen gas (O2) consumed, 2 volumes of chlorine heptoxide gas (Cl2O7) are produced. [[4]]

b) 2 N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3 The gas volume ratio for this reaction is 2:3:2. This means that for every 2 volumes of nitrogen gas (N2) and 3 volumes of hydrogen gas (H2) consumed, 2 volumes of ammonia gas (NH3) are produced. [[4]]

c) 3 CO + O2 → 3 CO2 The gas volume ratio for this reaction is 3:1:3. This means that for every 3 volumes of carbon monoxide gas (CO) and 1 volume of oxygen gas (O2) consumed, 3 volumes of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) are produced. [[4]]

d) H2 + Cl2 → 2 HCl The gas volume ratio for this reaction is 1:1:2. This means that for every 1 volume of hydrogen gas (H2) and 1 volume of chlorine gas (Cl2) consumed, 2 volumes of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) are produced. [[4]]

It's important to note that these gas volume ratios are based on the stoichiometry of the reactions and assume ideal gas behavior. The actual volumes of gases involved may vary depending on factors such as temperature and pressure.

I hope this explanation helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.