Question

нужно из метана получить ацетилен из ацетилена уксусный альдегид из уксусного альдегида нужно получить уксусную кислоту а из неё метилацетат пропилацетат аце а аммония,пожалуста помогите завра урок.)

Answer 1

2CH4 = CH≡CH + 3H2 (условия: 1500°)

C2H2 + H2O = CH3-C(O)H (условия: Hg²⁺)

CH3-C(O)H + 2Cu(OH)2 = CH3-COOH + Cu2O + 2H2O (условия: t)

CH3-COOH + CH3-OH = CH3-C(O)-O-CH3 + H2O (условия: H⁺)

CH3-COOH + C3H7-OH = CH3-C(O)-O-C3H7 + H2O (условия: H⁺)

CH3-COOH + NH3 = CH3-C(O)-O-NH4

 

Answer 2

Converting Methane to Acetylene

To convert methane to acetylene, a process called thermal cracking or pyrolysis is typically used. This involves subjecting methane to high temperatures to break down the molecules. The reaction can be represented as:

CH4 → C2H2 + H2

The production of acetylene from methane is an important industrial process and is typically carried out in specialized facilities.

Converting Acetylene to Acetic Acid

The conversion of acetylene to acetic acid involves several steps. The first step is the conversion of acetylene to acetaldehyde, which is then oxidized to form acetic acid.

1. Conversion of Acetylene to Acetaldehyde: - Acetylene is hydrated to form acetaldehyde in the presence of mercuric sulfate and sulfuric acid. - The reaction can be represented as: ``` C2H2 + H2O → CH3CHO ```

2. Oxidation of Acetaldehyde to Acetic Acid: - Acetaldehyde is further oxidized to form acetic acid using a suitable oxidizing agent, such as potassium dichromate. - The reaction can be represented as: ``` CH3CHO + [O] → CH3COOH ```

Converting Acetic Acid to Methyl Acetate and Ethyl Acetate

The conversion of acetic acid to methyl acetate and ethyl acetate involves esterification reactions.

1. Formation of Methyl Acetate: - Acetic acid reacts with methanol in the presence of a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, to form methyl acetate and water. - The reaction can be represented as: ``` CH3COOH + CH3OH → CH3COOCH3 + H2O ```

2. Formation of Ethyl Acetate: - Similarly, acetic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, to form ethyl acetate and water. - The reaction can be represented as: ``` CH3COOH + C2H5OH → CH3COOC2H5 + H2O ```

Conversion of Ammonia

The conversion of ammonia to other compounds involves various chemical reactions and processes, depending on the desired products. If you have specific compounds or reactions in mind for the conversion of ammonia, please provide more details so that I can assist you further.