Question

Почему тиолы проявляют более сильные кислотные свойства, чем спирты

Answer 1

Ответ:

Тиолят-ионы являются более сильными нуклеофильными агентами, чем алкоголят-ионы, и скорость образования тиоэфиров в 103-104 раза превышает скорость реакции для их кислородных аналогов. Это позволяет осуществлять реакцию в мягких условиях. Метод межфазного катализа исключительно эффективен для синтеза сульфидов

Объяснение:

Answer 2

#### Thiol and Alcohol Acidity Comparison Thiols (also known as mercaptans) are organic compounds that contain a sulfhydryl group (-SH) attached to a carbon atom. Alcohols, on the other hand, contain a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom. While both thiols and alcohols can exhibit acidic properties, thiols generally have stronger acidic properties compared to alcohols. The increased acidity of thiols can be attributed to the presence of the sulfur atom in the -SH group. The sulfur atom is larger and more electronegative than the oxygen atom in the -OH group of alcohols. This leads to a weaker bond between the sulfur and hydrogen atoms in thiols, making it easier for the thiol to donate a proton (H+) and act as an acid. In contrast, the stronger bond between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in alcohols makes it more difficult for alcohols to donate a proton. Additionally, the presence of the sulfur atom in thiols allows for the stabilization of the resulting thiolate anion (RS-) after proton donation. The sulfur atom can effectively delocalize the negative charge of the thiolate anion, providing stability to the conjugate base. This stabilization further enhances the acidity of thiols. It is important to note that the acidity of thiols and alcohols can vary depending on the specific compound and its molecular structure. Factors such as the presence of electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups in the molecule can influence the acidity of thiols and alcohols. **Sources:** --