Question

Как понять когда высшая, а когда низшая валентность. У меня два хим. элемента Si и Cl, нужно составить хим. формулу, оба неметаллы, и не водород, и не кислород (мне не нужен ответ по типу:низшая валентность=8-группа элемента и тд)​

Answer 1

Ответ:

2 Cl2 + Si = SiCl4

низшая валентность Cl  = 8 - 7 = I

высшая валентность Cl = VII

низшая валентность Si  = II (разностью между числом восемь и номером группы определить низшую валентность кремния нельзя)

высшая валентность Si = IV

Объяснение:

Высшая валентность химического элемента определяется количеством электронов на внешнем слое атома и равна номеру группы элемента в периодической системе Менделеева.

Низшая валентность - это разность между восьмеркой (числом 8, по количеству групп в таблице) и номером группы элемента.

Answer 2

Understanding Valency

Valency refers to the combining capacity of an element, which determines the number of bonds it can form with other elements. It helps in determining the chemical formula of compounds.

In general, the valency of an element can be determined by its position in the periodic table. Elements in the same group or column tend to have similar valencies. For example, elements in Group 1 (alkali metals) have a valency of +1, while elements in Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) have a valency of +2.

However, there are exceptions to this general trend, and it is important to consider the specific element and its electronic configuration to determine its valency.

Valency of Silicon (Si) and Chlorine (Cl)

Silicon (Si) is located in Group 14 of the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 14 and an electronic configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2. Silicon typically exhibits a valency of +4, as it tends to lose or share four electrons to achieve a stable configuration.

Chlorine (Cl) is located in Group 17 of the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 17 and an electronic configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5. Chlorine typically exhibits a valency of -1, as it tends to gain or share one electron to achieve a stable configuration.

Forming a Chemical Formula

To form a chemical formula using silicon (Si) and chlorine (Cl), we need to consider their valencies and the principle of charge balance. Since both elements are non-metals, they will typically form covalent compounds.

Since silicon has a valency of +4 and chlorine has a valency of -1, we can combine one silicon atom with four chlorine atoms to achieve charge balance. The resulting chemical formula would be SiCl4.

Chemical Formula: SiCl4

Please note that this is a general guideline, and there may be exceptions or variations depending on specific compounds or conditions. It is always recommended to consult reliable sources or reference materials for specific chemical formulas.