Question

сожгли 235,8 литра природного газа в котором объёмная доля метана = 95% определить объем углекислого газа(н.у.)

Answer 1

Ответ:

Дано:

V (прир.газа) = 235,8 л

φ (CH4) = 95%

Найти:

m (CO2) - ?

Решение:

1) Написать уравнения реакций:

CH4 + 2O2 => CO2 ↑ + 2H2O;

CO2 + Ca(OH)2 => CaCO3 ↓ + H2O;

2) Вычислить молярную массу CO2:

M (CO2) = Mr (CO2) = Ar (C) + Ar (O) * 2 = 12 + 16 * 2 = 44 г/моль;

3) Вычислить объем CH4:

V (CH4) = φ (CH4) * V смеси / 100% = 95% * 235,8 / 100% = 224,01 л;

4) Вычислить количество вещества CH4:

n (CH4) = V (CH4) / Vm = 224,01 / 22,4 = 10 моль;

5) Определить количество вещества CO2:

n (CO2) = n (CH4) = 10 моль;

6) Вычислить массу CO2:

m (CO2) = n (CO2) * M (CO2) = 10 * 44 = 440 г.

Ответ: Масса CO2 составляет 440 г.

Answer 2

Calculation of Carbon Dioxide Volume

To determine the volume of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced when 235.8 liters of natural gas with a methane (CH4) volume fraction of 95% is burned, we need to consider the stoichiometry of the combustion reaction.

The balanced equation for the combustion of methane is as follows:

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O

From the equation, we can see that one mole of methane (CH4) produces one mole of carbon dioxide (CO2) when burned completely.

To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide produced, we need to convert the volume of natural gas (in liters) to moles using the ideal gas law. The ideal gas law equation is as follows:

PV = nRT

Where: - P is the pressure of the gas (assumed constant) - V is the volume of the gas - n is the number of moles of the gas - R is the ideal gas constant - T is the temperature of the gas (assumed constant)

Since the pressure and temperature are not given in the question, we can assume standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions, which are 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 Kelvin) and 1 atmosphere (101.325 kilopascals or 760 millimeters of mercury).

Using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the number of moles of methane (CH4) in 235.8 liters of natural gas:

n(CH4) = (V(CH4) / V(total)) * n(total)

Where: - V(CH4) is the volume of methane in the natural gas - V(total) is the total volume of the natural gas - n(total) is the total number of moles of the natural gas

Given that the volume fraction of methane in the natural gas is 95%, we can calculate the volume of methane:

V(CH4) = 0.95 * V(total)

Substituting this into the previous equation, we get:

n(CH4) = (0.95 * V(total) / V(total)) * n(total) = 0.95 * n(total)

Since one mole of methane produces one mole of carbon dioxide, the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced is also 0.95 * n(total).

Finally, we can convert the number of moles of carbon dioxide to volume using the ideal gas law:

V(CO2) = n(CO2) * V(molar)

Where: - V(CO2) is the volume of carbon dioxide - n(CO2) is the number of moles of carbon dioxide - V(molar) is the molar volume of a gas at STP, which is approximately 22.4 liters/mol

Substituting the value of n(CO2) into the equation, we get:

V(CO2) = 0.95 * n(total) * V(molar)

Now we can calculate the volume of carbon dioxide produced.

Calculation:

Given: - Volume of natural gas (V(total)) = 235.8 liters - Volume fraction of methane (V(CH4)) = 95% - Molar volume of a gas at STP (V(molar)) = 22.4 liters/mol

Using the equations and values mentioned above, we can calculate the volume of carbon dioxide produced:

V(CO2) = 0.95 * n(total) * V(molar)

Let's calculate the volume of carbon dioxide:

V(CO2) = 0.95 * (V(CH4) / V(total)) * V(total) * V(molar)

V(CO2) = 0.95 * 0.95 * 235.8 * 22.4

Calculating this expression gives us the volume of carbon dioxide produced.

Please note that the exact value cannot be determined without knowing the pressure and temperature conditions. However, the above calculation provides an approximate value based on the given information.